Abstract The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method determine free concentrations Europium (Eu(III)) in natural waters. Europium(III) solution detected using cathodic stripping voltammetry after complexation with N -nitroso- -phenylhydroxylamine (cupferron). Optimization parameters allowed us detect nanomolar levels Eu(III) solution. Free measured the Donnan membrane technique wh...

Electrode potential measurements have been applied to study electrical characteristics like transport numbers, permselectivity & fixed charge density of ion-exchange membranes. Membrane potential measurements were made across zirconium phosphotungstate cation-exchange membrane maintained at 27◦C, using halide salts of alkali & alkaline earth metals as electrolytes. The effect of concentration o...

Involvement of thermodynamically-stable prenucleation clusters (PNCs) in the biomineralization collagen has been speculated since their existence was reported mineralization systems. It hypothesized that intrafibrillar proceeds via nucleation inhibitor-stabilized intermediates produced by liquid-liquid separation (aka. polymer-induced liquid precursors; PILPs). Here, contribution PNCs and PILPs...

An enormous dissipation of the order of 2 kJ/L takes place during the natural mixing process of fresh river water entering the salty sea. “Capacitive mixing” is a promising technique to efficiently harvest this energy in an environmentally clean and sustainable fashion. This method has its roots in the ability to store a very large amount of electric charge inside supercapacitor or battery elec...

Edelman et al. have empirically shown that plasma water sodium concentration ([Na(+)](pw)) is equal to 1.11(Na(e) + K(e))/TBW - 25.6 (Edelman IS, Leibman J, O'Meara MP, Birkenfeld LW. J Clin Invest 37: 1236-1256, 1958). However, the physiological significance of the slope and y-intercept in this equation has not been previously considered. Our analysis demonstrates that there are several clinic...

Brain tissue swelling is a dangerous consequence of traumatic injury and is associated with raised intracranial pressure and restricted blood flow. We consider the mechanical effects that drive swelling of brain tissue slices in an ionic solution bath, motivated by recent experimental results that showed that the volume change of tissue slices depends on the ionic concentration of the bathing s...

INTRODUCTION: Contrast Enhanced CT imaging of articular cartilage (CECT) is predicated on the use of positively or negatively charged contrast agents that function as mobile ionic probes that partition themselves in direct or indirect proportion to the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the cartilage matrix according to Donnan equilibrium. Ex-vivo studies have shown that CECT imaging of cartila...