Sexual reproduction is essential for the life cycle of most angiosperms. However, pseudovivipary is an important reproductive strategy in some grasses. In this mode of reproduction, asexual propagules are produced in place of sexual reproductive structures. However, the molecular mechanism of pseudovivipary still remains a mystery. In this work, we found three naturally occurring mutants in ric...

BACKGROUND Current professional guidelines recommend a maximum hang time for reprocessed duodenoscopes of 5-14 days. We sought to study the association between hang time and risk of duodenoscope contamination. METHODS We analyzed cultures of the elevator mechanism and working channel collected in a highly standardized fashion just before duodenoscope use. Hang time was calculated as the time ...

INTRODUCTION Subperiosteal preparation using a periosteal elevator leads to disturbances of local immunohistochemistry and periosteal histology due to a microtrauma. Usually soft-tissue damage can be considerably reduced by using piezoelectric technology. For this reason, the effects of a novel piezoelectric device on immunohistochemistry and periosteal histology were examined and compared to c...

We present studies of 3-jet nal states from hadronic Z decays recorded by the SLD experiment. A comparison of the strong couplings of light, c, and b quarks is made using 3-jet rates. We have performed a detailed study of ee ! b bg nal states, in which the quark, antiquark, and gluon jets are identi ed. The gluon energy spectrum, measured over the full kinematic range, is consistent with the pr...

BACKGROUND Mechanisms of cardiovascular injuries from exposure to gas and particulate air pollutants are unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether episodic exposure of rats to ozone or diesel exhaust particles (DEP) causes differential cardiovascular impairments that are exacerbated by ozone plus DEP. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Wistar Kyoto rats (10-12 weeks of age) were exposed to ai...

In the past 12–15 years, most experiments on the health effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) have employed samples from one of two types of engines. Automobile-generated DEP has been tested extensively for its effects on the heart and lungs, but not its muta-genic properties. Forklift-generated DEP, on the other hand, has been tested primarily for genotoxicity but not for heart effects, an...

objective spastic cerebral palsy (cp) is one of the most difficult and disabling conditions that requires medical attention and treatment. the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of oral tizanidine in treating spasticity in children with spastic cp. materials & methods sixty children with spastic cerebral palsy were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized ...

Signal transduction of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is regulated by proteintyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). We recently identified the PTP DEP-1/CD148/ PTPRJ as a novel negative regulator of FLT3. This study addressed the role of DEP-1 for regulation of the acute myeloid leukemia (AML)–related mutant FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) protein. Our experiments revealed that DEP-1 was expre...

The toxicity of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) can be due to the particle itself, extractable components, or both. Many studies focus on the biological properties of DEP-extractable components although it is possible that chemical properties inherent to the DEP itself can lead to toxicity. Thus, an examination of the chemistry inherent to DEP was carried out. Herein, we report that DEP are capa...

The objective has been to develop a viable scenario for the construction, deployment and operation of a space elevator using current or near future technology. This effort has been primarily a paper study with several experimental tests of specific systems. Computer simulations, engineering designs, literature studies and inclusion of existing programs have been utilized to produce a design for...