Purpose To explore the mechanism that shapes firms' supply chain learning (SCL) practices, this study examines relationship between knowledge network embeddedness and their SCL practice in a network, as well moderating role of cohesion relationship. Design/methodology/approach Using patent application data partner information from 869 listed firms 2011 2020 China, uses fixed-effect regression m...

A large amount of 2D drawings have been produced in engineering fields. To reuse and share the available drawings efficiently, we propose two methods in this paper, namely 2.5D spherical harmonics transformation and 2D shape histogram, to retrieve 2D drawings by measuring their shape similarity. The first approach represents a drawing as a spherical function by transforming it from a 2D space i...

We investigate the problem of constructing planar drawings with few bends for two related problems, the partially embedded graph problem—to extend a straight-line planar drawing of a subgraph to a planar drawing of the whole graph—and the simultaneous planarity problem—to find planar drawings of two graphs that coincide on shared vertices and edges. In both cases we show that if the required pl...

Let r and w be fixed positive numbers, w < r. In a bold drawing of a graph, every vertex is represented by a disk of radius r, and every edge by a narrow rectangle of width w. We solve a problem of van Kreveld [10] by showing that every graph admits a bold drawing in which the region occupied by the union of the disks and rectangles representing the vertices and edges does not contain any disk ...

BACKGROUND Although there is a national curriculum for art education in the UK there are also alternative approaches in the private sector. This paper addresses the issue of the effect of these approaches on children's drawing ability. AIM To compare the drawing ability in three drawing tasks of children in Steiner, Montessori and traditional schools. SAMPLE The participants were 60 school ...

We present a novel approach to creating structured diagrams (such as flow charts or object diagrams) by combining an off-line sketch recognition system with the user interface of a traditional structured graphics editor. Our system, called UDSI (user-directed sketch interpretation), aims to provide drawing freedom by allowing the user to sketch entirely off-line using a pure pen-and-paper inter...

This paper describes a method for direct freehand drawing of complex tri-dimensional surfaces by moving 2 hands in space. The system tracks the movement of 2 lights in space using 2 web cams. The light’s (LED’s) are attached to the designer’s fingers who watches the surface being drawn on a monitor. The user can draw any surface that can be described by the movement in space of a line of varyin...

We designed and implemented a gaze-controlled drawing application that utilizes modifiable and movable shapes. Moving and resizing tools were implemented with gaze gestures. Our gaze gestures are simple one-segment gestures that end outside the screen. Also, we use the closure of the eyes to stop actions in the drawing application. We carried out an experiment to compare gaze gestures with a dw...