oral health problems, among the most prevalent comorbidities related to addiction, require more attention by both clinicians and policy-makers. our aims were to review oral complications associated with drugs, oral health care in addiction rehabilitation, health services available, and barriers against oral health promotion among addicts. drug abuse is associated with serious oral health proble...

introduction: drug addiction could lead to severe impairments in executive and neurocognitive functions but study on the impact of hydrochloride heroin on executive functions has remained in infancy in iran. the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between addiction to hydrochloride heroin and executive functioning in several cognitive domains including mental flexibility, abstract...

Although dopamine is implicated in the development of addiction, it is unclear how specific dopamine release patterns are involved with drug seeking. Addictive drugs increase tonic dopamine levels on the order of minutes, as well as phasic dopamine release events that occur on a subsecond time scale. Phasic dopamine release is associated with the initiation of goal-directed behaviors, and has b...