We analyzed lead concentrations in bones from both genders of Japanese merchants (including rohnin; masterless samurai) and farmer classes, and compared the findings with those of the samurai class in the Edo period (1603-1867) to clarify gender and hierarchical (or occupational) differences in lead exposure during the Japanese feudal age. Merchant class females had significantly higher lead ex...

salinity is a major environmental problem in arid and semi-arid areas. chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), like other legumes is sensitive to salinity. therefore, selection of genotypes to grow on saline areas is important. eleven chickpea genotypes (as sub plots) were grown in the greenhouse conditions on a medium containing different nacl concentrations (8 and 12 dsm-1) and control (hoagland solut...

sowing date is the most important factor in physiological and morphological characteristics with positive effects on plants. to evaluate the effect of sowing date and weed interference on yield and yield components of red beans cultivars a factorial split plot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in the research field of zanjan university. main ...

The search for ways to utilize and recycle industrial by-products is the basic principle that governs rational environmental management, synthesis of “green” materials, appears as one main criteria sustainable development in most countries world. Gypsum-containing waste (GCW) derived from industries, represents a large-tonnage product. production gypsum materials could be GCW products. various ...

In semi-arid environments, 'permanent' rivers are essential sources of surface water for wildlife during 'dry' seasons when rainfall is limited or absent, particularly for species whose resilience to water scarcity is low. The hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) requires submersion in water to aid thermoregulation and prevent skin damage by solar radiation; the largest threat to its viability...