To assess potential emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) from residential combustion of biofuels, experiments were performed in which various types of pellets and firewood were combusted in four types of stoves and boilers, with both full and reduced rates of air supply. Inter...

Anthropogenic modification of the water cycle involves a diversity of processes, many of which have been studied intensively using models and observations. Effective tools for measuring the contribution and fate of combustion-derived water vapor in the atmosphere are lacking, however, and this flux has received relatively little attention. We provide theoretical estimates and a first set of mea...

The oxy-combustion technology is ready for demonstration [1]. However, the energy penalty and investment cost related to CO2 capture are still too high to implement this technology in the power industry. The thermal efficiency penalty is currently around 10% points, and as discussed in [2] it is commonly expected to be reduced to below 6% points in the near future. Improvements on the sub-units...

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a key technology for oxy-fuel combustion with inherent separation of CO2 from a flue gas, in which oxygen is derived from a solid oxygen carrier. Multi-cycle CLC performance and the product selectivity towards CO2 formation were achieved using mixed oxide of Cu and Mn (CuMn2O4) (Fd3[combining macron]m, a = b = c = 0.83 nm) as an oxygen carrier. CuMn2O4 was p...

INTRODUCTION Advanced propulsion systems involve highly complex combustion flow processes. Extensive and accurate flowfield measurements can help to guide and support engine development. For example, in the hypersonic dual-combustor ramjet, the subsonic combustion chamber operating at fuel-rich conditions generates a complex multiphase combustion flow comprising liquid fuel droplets, soot parti...

CO2 capture from fossil fuel power plants is increasingly proposed for greenhouse gases emission mitigation. It can be applied to coal power stations (with boiler and steam cycle or with gasification) or to natural gas combined cycles (NGCC). The first case is probably the most important in a mid-term perspective, due to: (i) the larger amount of avoided carbon per unit of electricity produced,...

A zero dimensional, mean-value, control-oriented model for recompression homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion with two discrete states representing temperature and composition dynamics is presented. This model captures steady state magnitudes and trends in combustion phasing, residual gas fraction, and mass flows caused by sweeps in valve timings, fueling rate, and fuel inj...