Elizabeth Conrad and the children had eagerly awaited the Mediterranean cruise that would take them to Greece and the Greek Isles. Theodore Conrad had been invited to lecture in Athens and this would mean opportunities to visit the Acropolis, Parthenon and Agora; then traveling to Rhodes to see its Colossus, the Asclepion, a renowned center of healing, and finally Kos, the birthplace of Hippocr...

Intracranial metastasis, involving the dura mater from neoplasm located outside the central nervous system, is not uncommon; the incidence rate ranges from 3 to 13%. Dural metastasis, associated with chronic subdural hematoma, is particularly rare and occurs in 0.5~4% of intracranial metastatic tumor. As chronic subdural hematoma may mask a metastatic tumor to dura, an accurate diagnosis is dif...

Idiopathic hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis (IHSP) is a chronic progressive and diffuse inflammatory fibrosis of the spinal dura mater. Though treatment of IHSP is surgical decompression with steroid therapy, treatment for recurrent IHSP is controversial. Our patient was diagnosed with IHSP based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and underwent laminectomy for decompression following steroi...

Membranous or membranous-haemorrhagic lesions of the dura mater were found in 46 out of 1,044 consecutive necropsies after excluding those cases where their presence could be interpreted in terms of blood dyscrasia, local neoplastic processes, previous surgery, or marked craniocerebral trauma. The extent of old and recent manifestations of haemorrhage in the membranes increased in a statistical...

DURING MYELOGRAPHY WE OBSERVED THE CONTRAST MATERIAL IN THE SPINAL SUBARACHNOID SPACE WHILE WE CHANGED: (1) the intracranial blood volume by CO(2) inhalation, hyperventilation, and jugular vein compression; (2) the intra-abdominal and intrathoracic pressure by forced expiration with glottis closed; and (3) the CSF volume by withdrawals and reinjections of fluid. The spinal dural sac enlarges wi...

Membranous or membranous-haemorrhagic lesions of the dura mater were found in 46 out of 1,044 consecutive necropsies after excluding those cases where their presence could be interpreted in terms of blood dyscrasia, local neoplastic processes, previous surgery, or marked craniocerebral trauma. The extent of old and recent manifestations of haemorrhage in the membranes increased in a statistical...

Following the work by Gerbode, Yee, and Rundle (1949) concerning successful atriocaval anastomosis, many experimental and clinical reports have emerged reporting the results of patching defects or replacing segments of the superior vena cava. Autologous (Deterling and Bhonslay, 1955), homologous (Ashburn, Sewell, and Huggins, 1956; Holman and Steinberg, 1954), heterologous, and plastic grafts (...

Disclosure. The authors declare no conflicting interests, support or funding from any drug company. Figure 1-Contrast-enhanced MRI showed a lesion (arrow) hypointense to gray matter on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images with homogenous and avid contrast enhancement partially encasing the cerebral dura mater in the polus temporalis. I nflammatory pseudotumor is a non-neopl...

A 61-year-old woman presented with a 1-month history of decreased activities of daily living. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal intensities of the bilateral frontal lobes and enhancement of the thickened dura matter. A biopsy of the dura mater revealed multinucleated giant cells. She had sinusitis and hematuria; she was diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Hypertrophic pa...