Appropriate precautions in the case of flood occurrence often require long lead times (several days) in hydrological forecasting. This in turn implies large uncertainties that are mainly inherited from the meteorological precipitation forecast. Here we present a case study of the extreme flood event of August 2005 in the Swiss part of the Rhine catchment (total area 34 550 km2). This event caus...

The exceptional flood of the river Odra in July/August 1997 caused severe damage, especially on the Polish side of the Odra valley. An additional 5 km3 of water were discharged during the flood. This represents about a third of the normal annual Odra discharge of 17 km3. Large agricultural and industrial areas were submerged, as well as towns and villages. However, as regards the Odra lagoon an...

Introduction: Cold temperatures on Mars [1] and a thin atmosphere prevent the occurrence of water in liquid form on the planet. However, sedimentary rocks at Meridiani Terrae show aqueous sedimentation. Catastrophic outgassing due to the Tharsis rise would result in increasing temperature and pressure, enabling water to exist on the surface for short periods of time. Magma–ice interactions duri...

Flood is one of the most important natural disasters affect China greatly, especially for southeast cities. To help mitigate the loss brought by it, technologies such as simulation, visualization, decision support system, etc. could be utilized in the process of emergency management for city flood. Thus the Flood Simulation and Decision Support System (FSDSS) comes into being. It is an integrat...

Freshwater flow into estuaries during periods of high rainfall is considered to en hance the biomass of primary producers, with positive effects propagating to higher trophic groups. We examined the effect of flow on chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations and meiofaunal abundance on the intertidal mudflats in a wet-dry tropical estuary in the Norman River, northern Australia. Meiofaunal density a...

Assessment of Flood Occurrence Potential using Data Mining Models Support Vector Machine, Chaid and Random Forest (Case study: Frizi watershed)

The higher frequency of severe flood events in Switzerland in recent decades has given fresh impetus to the study of flood patterns and their possible forcing mechanisms, particularly in mountain environments. This paper presents a new index of summer flood damage that considers severe and catastrophic summer floods in Switzerland between 1800 and 2009, and explores the influence of external fo...

The Amur River is one of the largest rivers of the world. Its length is 4350 km and its total discharge is about 390 km from a river basin of 1,855,000 km. The regime of the Amur River is distinguished by the spring–summer flood, summer low water, summer– fall flood, and winter low water. The spring flood is caused by melting snow and the summer–fall flood is caused by monsoon rains in the rive...

This study reports on the occurrence and behaviour of six pesticides and one metabolite in a small stream draining a vineyard catchment. Base flow and flood events were monitored in order to assess the variability of pesticide concentrations according to the season and to evaluate the role of sampling frequency on the evaluation of fluxes estimates. Results showed that dissolved pesticide conce...