Since the discovery of plate tectonics, geophysicists have sought to understand the dynamic system driving the evolution of the earth, both at the surface and in the deep interior. While the deep earth contains far fewer phases than the crust, the inaccessibility of the mantle and core present a different challenge: unraveling the physical behavior of materials at conditions beyond our intuitiv...

earth pressure balance tunnel boring machines (epb-tbms) are favorably applied in urban tunneling projects. despite their numerous advantages, considerable delays and high maintenance cost are the main disadvantages these machines suffer from. reliability, availability, and maintainability (ram) analysis is a practical technique that uses failure and repair dataset obtained over a reasonable ti...

By using the data of two spacecraft, TC-1 and ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer), a statistical study on the correlations between plasma sheet and solar wind has been carried out. The results obtained show that the plasma sheet at geocentric distances of about 9∼13.4 Re has an apparent driving relationship with the solar wind. It is found that (1) there is a positive correlation between the du...

Compared to Earth’s atmosphere, Mars has a thin CO2-rich atmosphere with a surface pressure of about 700 Pa. When normalized to planetary mass (mass of Mars is 10.7% of that of Earth), the abundance of volatiles on Mars is about 0.07% to 6% of that on Earth (when CO2 in terrestrial carbonates is included). Is the depletion of volatiles on Mars a primary feature (because less volatiles accreted ...

Finding the exotic phenomena in strongly correlated electron systems (SCESs) and understanding the corresponding microphysics have long been the research frontiers of condensed matter physics. The remarkable examples for the intriguing phenomena discovered in past years include unconventional superconductivity, heavy Fermion behaviors, giant magneto-resistance and so on. A fascinating type of r...