Background: This paper outlines the findings from a research project carried out in the UK that explored the relationship between parental engagement and student achievement. Purpose: The 12-month research project was commissioned to explore the relationship between innovative work with parents and the subsequent impact upon student achievement. A main aim of the research project was to capture...

In 2008, a large Salmonella outbreak caused by contamination of the municipal drinking water supply occurred in Alamosa, Colorado. The objectives of this assessment were to determine the full economic costs associated with the outbreak and the long-term health impacts on the community of Alamosa. We conducted a postal survey of City of Alamosa (2008 population: 8,746) households and businesses,...

UNLABELLED Breathing represents one of the vital functions of the organism, and its unbalance causes some series of alterations in several organs and systems. AIM Verify the influence of socio-economic and demographic factors in determining breathing patterns. STUDY DESIGN cross-sectional. MATERIALS AND METHODS there were 143 students in the sample, with ages ranging from 9 and 10 years, ...

We provide an account of how Protestantism promoted economic prosperity in China—a country Weber ruled out for the development of Protestantism and capitalism. Using prefectural-level data from 1840-1920, a period when China was forced to open up to the West and experienced an early phase of capitalist development, we exploit the outcome of the Boxer Uprising to identify the causal effect of th...

In this article the literature on the effects of school size is summarized to describe what is currently known about its relationship to economic efficiency, curricular diversity, academic achievement, and related variables. Two curvilinear relationships are identified: one for economic efficiency and one for educational outcomes. In both cases, increasing size initially brings positive effects...

BACKGROUND Adolescence is an established period of physical activity decline. Multi-component school-based interventions have the potential to slow the decline in adolescents' physical activity; however, few interventions have been conducted in schools located in low-income or disadvantaged communities. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component school-based intervention i...

OBJECTIVES Physical activity and nutrition are essential to healthy living and particularly important during youth, when growth and development are key. This study examined rates of physical activity (PA) and diet quality (DQ) among youth in grades 7 to 9 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, during the 2008/09 school year and tested differences among students in rural, urban and suburban neighbourhood type...

School-based programs should be a key component of a comprehensive community health promotion agenda. Youth who are ill, are physically inactive, use tobacco, or use other drugs are unlikely to succeed in school. Furthermore, the burden that chronic diseases place on our nation’s medical and economic systems will likely worsen unless we in public health are able to prevent the risk among our yo...

BACKGROUND During the 2009 H1N1 influenza epidemic, policy makers debated over whether, when, and how long to close schools. While closing schools could have reduced influenza transmission thereby preventing cases, deaths, and health care costs, it may also have incurred substantial costs from increased childcare needs and lost productivity by teachers and other school employees. METHODS A co...