Pavement cracks are important information for evaluating the road condition and conducting the necessary road maintenance. In this paper, we develop CrackTree, a fully-automatic method to detect cracks from pavement images. In practice, crack detection is a very challenging problem because of (1) low contrast between cracks and the surrounding pavement, (2) intensity inhomogeneity along the cra...

Particulate functionally graded materials (FGM) made of glass-filled epoxy with edge cracks parallel to the direction of the elastic gradient and subjected to pure bending have been studied. Crack tip measurements are used to examine continuum models for FGMs by treating the material as isotropic and nonhomogeneous at macroscales. Situations where cracks are located on the compliant and the sti...

Perturbation of a steadily propagating crack with a straight edge is solved using the method of matched asymptotic expansions (MAE). This provides a simplified analysis in which the inner and outer solutions are governed by distinct mechanics. The inner solution contains the explicit perturbation and is governed by a quasi-static equation. The outer solution determines the radiation of energy a...

PURPOSE To compare contraction stresses in direct and indirect composite restorations using crack analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Glass disks with a central cylindrical hole were prepared. Initial cracks were made in the glass using a Vickers indenter at various distances from the edge of the hole. The indentation crack lengths were measured parallel to the tangent of the edge of the hole. Si...

The macroscopic pre-cracked line scratch test (MPLST), in which a debonded edge of a film is loaded in in-plane compression, has been modeled as a generic, coupled fracture–buckle problem using simple beam theory. Near cracktip beam rotation (also called root rotation in literature), which always exists due to the eccentric loading in this type of test, has been incorporated into the governing ...

In 2004, a team comprised of researchers and service providers launched the Safer Crack Use, Outreach, Research and Education (SCORE) project in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The project was aimed at developing a better understanding of the harms associated with crack cocaine smoking and determining the feasibility of introducing specific harm reduction strategie...

A ``mutual integral'' approach is used to calculate the mixed-mode stress intensity factors for a free-edge delamination crack in a laminate under tensile loading conditions. This ``mutual integral'' approach, for generalized plane strain conditions, is based on the application of the path-independent J integral to a linear combination of three solutions: one, the problem of the laminate to be ...