Previous comparative research into the determinants of voting using aggregate data has suffered from two limitations: it relied predominantly on country-level data; and it seldom ventured beyond a consideration of one or two types of elections. In order to overcome these shortcomings, we use an original dataset in which data are aggregated to sub-national units; and include examples of national...

Few voting systems in the world possess a feature set as rich as the Hungarian electoral law, which incorporates three distinct sets of districts, a mixed-member system, a two-round system (2RS) (using two different criteria for run-off qualification), two potentially separate legal thresholds, two different sets of rules for proportional representation (PR), plus a few additional twists relate...

Pilot projects in the area of remote e-voting have been carried out in several countries but the number of those projects in which the Internet-cast votes are legally binding remains small. Estonia, indeed, has been the first country to introduce Internet voting in which legitimate results were obtained at the national level. In local government elections in October 2005 and March 2007 parliame...

This paper describes the development of security requirements for non-political Internet voting. The practical background is our experience with the Internet voting within the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI – Informatics Society) 2004 and 2005. The theoretical background is the international state-of-the-art of requirements about electronic voting, especially in the US and in Europe. A focus o...

Using insights from social choice theory, particularly Black’s concept of single-peaked preferences and Downs’s median-voter model, the authors previously investigated the theoretical impact of the alternative vote system (AV) on the success of moderate parties in an ethnically bipolar society. Focusing on the simplest case, that with one moderate and one extremist ethnic party associated with ...

Despite the massive improvements in technology the goal of having accurate, anonymous and voter-verifiable elections has not yet been realized. The existing electronic voting schemes that provide secret voter-verifiable receipts are based on ‘classical’ mix-nets. These mix-nets approaches do not scale well and are designed to provide a fixed degree of anonymity which cannot be increased by the ...

Several scientific forecasting models for presidential elections have been suggested. However, most of these models are based on traditional statistics approaches. Since the system is linguistic, vague, and dynamic in nature, the traditional rigorous mathematical approaches are inappropriate for the modeling of this kind of humanistic system. This paper presents a combined neural fuzzy approach...

1.1 Case Selection Criteria and Presidentialism We elaborate on each of our case selection criteria in turn. First, the explanation for our chosen time period is straightforward. We saw no reason to not broaden our coverage both forwards and backwards in time relative to the literature, provided the appropriate data were available. This ensured that our presidential regime-only models would hav...

Irish elections use a voting system called proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote (PR-STV). Under this system, the voters express their votes by ranking some (or all) of the candidates in order of preference. Which candidates are elected is determined through a series of counts where candidates are eliminated and surpluses are distributed. The electorate in any elect...

The Macedonian election rules, i.e. the setting of electoral system, produce a double effect, an effect on voter, and party system. Therefore, each change in regulations would not only alter voters’ comportment but also impact political parties. Considering these effects, paper aimed to compare attitudes citizens parties regarding legislature (both for parliamentary local elections); adequate s...