introduction: l.pneumophila has been known as a facultative intracellular bacterium which could proliferate within mammalian macrophages and a wide spectrum of free-living protozoa such as a. castellianii. its pathgenicity for both host cell types could be mostly dependent on the intracellular living conditions. materials and methods: l. pneumophila-infected acanthamoeba were examined by a flou...

DNA damage checkpoint and DNA repair mechanisms play critical roles in the stable maintenance of genetic information. Various forms of DNA damage that arise inside cells due to common errors in normal cellular processes, such as DNA replication, or due to exposure to various DNA damaging agents, must be quickly detected and repaired by checkpoint signaling and repair factors. Telomeres, the nat...

We report on FUSE spectra of three U Gem-type, long period, dwarf novae, UU Aql, BV Cen and CH UMa taken during their quiescence intervals. We discuss the line identifications in their spectra and attempt to characterize the source(s) of their FUV flux distribution. Archival IUE spectrum of CH UMa and BV Cen in quiescence were identified as having a matching flux level with the FUSE spectra and...

The rewireable fuse or cutout is widely used in Bangladesh and elsewhere, in spite of the very real danger of improper replacement of fuse wires. To assess the problem, a preliminary survey of buildings, electrical shops, and electricians were conducted. The majority of buildings and retail establishments were found to use fuse wires. Electricians were found to use copper of arbitrary thickness...