A wave is a disturbance that propagates through space and time, usually with the transference of energy from one point to another without permanent displacement of particles of the medium. The particles under this situation only oscillate about their equilibrium positions. If the particles oscillate in the direction of wave propagation, then the wave is called longitudinal wave. However, if the...

Introduction: Modern life exposes us all to an ever-increasing number of potential sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and patients with Implantable rhythm devices (IRD) like pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators or implantable loop recorders often ask about the use of microwave ovens, walking through airport metal detectors and the use of cellular phones. Electromagneti...

BACKGROUND Electromagnetic fields used in physiotherapeutic treatment affect not only patients, but also physiotherapists, patients not undergoing treatment and electronic medical equipment. OBJECTIVE The aim of the work was to study the parameters of the electromagnetic fields of physiotherapeutic devices with respect to requirements regarding the protection of electronic devices, including ...

Abstract—The probabilities of the emission of a photon by an electron and e+e–-pair photoproduction in a field which is a superposition of two electromagnetic plane waves with different frequencies and propagating in the same direction are obtained. The case where the frequencies of the two modes are commensurate is studied in detail. This case is interesting primarily because of the existence ...

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can both affect and be transmitted by mega-watt wind turbines. This paper provides a general overview on EMI with respect to mega-watt wind turbines. Possibilities of measuring all types of electromagnetic interference are shown. Electromagnetic fields resulting from a GSM transmitter mounted on a mega-watt wind turbine will be analyzed in detail. This cellula...

Electromagnetic interference with life-sustaining medical care devices has been reported by various groups. Previous studies have demonstrated that volumetric and syringe pumps are susceptible to false alarm buzzing and blocking, when exposed to various electromagnetic sources. The risk of electromagnetic interference depends on several factors such as the phone-emitted power, distance and carr...

Introduction: Strong recent interest has centred on near-field imaging systems which produce sub-wavelength resolution. These imaging systems promise increased capabilities in microscopy, lithography, and near-field sensing as well as other applications [1–3]. This Letter describes a simple yet novel metallic transmission screen which focuses an incident electromagnetic wave to a sub-wavelength...

An influence of nonlinear interference processes at quantum transitions under strong resonance electromagnetic fields on absorption, amplification and refractive indices as well as on four-wave mixing processes is investigated. Doppler broadening of the coupled transitions, incoherent excitation, relaxation processes, as well as power saturation processes associated with the coupled levels are ...

HF radar in ocean remote sensing makes use of electromagnetic waves of 10m to 100 m wavelength from the rough sea surface to measure surface current and ocean wave parameter. Recently, a new time division multiple frequency HF radar system called OSMAR2009 has been developed by the Wuhan University. One main advantage of the system is that it is of great help in extracting current parameters an...

Statistical properties of electromagnetic environment in wireless networks affecting its intranetwork electromagnetic compatibility and safety are studied. The analysis is based on the standard propagation channel model, a Poisson model of random spatial distribution of transmitters, and a thresholdbased model of the victim receptor behaviour (radio receiver or human body). The distribution of ...