OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of cleansing treatments following saliva and blood contamination at different bonding stages to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Labial surfaces of 168 permanent maxillary central incisors were ground flat exposing superficial dentin. Specimens were divided into: uncontaminated control (A), contamination after etching (B), contamination after adhesive application ...

We study the question of auction design in an IPV setting characterized by ambiguity. We assume that the preferences of agents exhibit ambiguity aversion; in particular, they are represented by the epsilon-contamination model. We show that a simple variation of a discrete Dutch auction can extract almost all surplus. This contrasts with optimal auctions under IPV without ambiguity as well as wi...

An overview of spin contamination and its relationship to broken-symmetry wave functions are presented. Spinoperator expectation-value formulas are developed for use with generalized, unrestricted, and restricted spin orbitals. Currentprojection techniques are reviewed and illustrated for a variety of current theoretical methods.

The development of Aspergillus flavus inoculation techniques has played an important part in developing corn (Zea mays L.) germplasm resistant to aflatoxin contamination. Corn genotypes evaluated for aflatoxin resistance in field studies must be artificially inoculated due to the sporadic nature of aflatoxin contamination from year to year. A number of different inoculation techniques are used ...

During the previous survey year (Year 2), a methodological issue arose which meant that our measures were no longer providing a reliable indication of how levels of contamination in chickens at retail were changing over time, or providing like for like comparisons between retailers. This methodological issue is explained in the January-March 16 report: www.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/campy-...

Microsomal fractions, both homogeneous in appearance and functionally operative, were isolated from a homogenate of rat cerebral cortex by fractionation in water. The preparations thus obtained contain the membranous elements of the endoplasmic reticulum, synaptic vesicles, and ribosomes. Esterase, ATPase, and glutamine synthetase were found to be present and fully functional in the microsomal ...

Perchloroethene, trichloroethene, and other chlorinated solvents are widespread groundwater pollutants. They form dense non-aqueous phase liquids that sink through permeable groundwater aquifers until non-permeable zone is reached. In Italy, there are many situations of serious contamination of groundwater that might compromise their use in industry, agriculture, private, as the critical case o...

Principles of precision cleaning for ultra high vacuum applications are reviewed together with the techniques for the evaluation of surface cleanliness. Methods to verify the effectiveness of cleaning procedures are discussed. Examples are presented to illustrate the influence of packaging and storage on the recontamination of the surface after cleaning. Finally, the effect of contamination on ...

We report a new technique for fabricating electrodes for electrochemical applications with lateral dimensions in the range 15-200 nm and a reproducible, well-defined geometry. This technique allows determining the electrode size by electron microscopy prior to electrochemical measurements and without contamination of the metal electrode. We measured the diffusion-limited current with stepped-cu...