The movement of large numbers of people is important in many situations, such as the evacuation of buildings, stadiums and public transport stations. Numerous incidents have been reported in the literature in which overcrowding has resulted in injuries and death during emergency situations. Modelling and empirical study of crowd safety under emergency conditions is imperative to assist planners...

In this paper the authors developed applications for apps in times of crises and critical situations. They analyzed how people act in these situations and how to mitigate their uncertainty and fears through situation-specific communication. Including these aspects as well as the general challenges of crisis communication, pros and cons of apps based on existing examples were discussed. The resu...

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are designed to help drivers improve driving safety. However, automation modifying the way drivers interact with their vehicle, it is important to avoid negative safety impacts. In particular, the change in drivers’ behavior introduced by ADAS in situations they are not designed for, should be carefully examined. We carried out an experiment on a drivin...

Rapid fluid administration is often required for resuscitation when patients are admitted in emergency department with hypovolemic shock or excessive blood loss. Various methods have been described earlier to increase the fluid administration speed. Larger vein size, larger bore cannula, height of fluid, pressure over fluid bottle etc. are some of methods described in such situations.We here de...

In the case of emergency situations, robotic systems can play a key role and save human lives in recovery and evacuation operations. To realize such a potential, we have to address many scientific and technical challenges encountered during robotic search and rescue missions. This paper reviews current state-of-the-art robotic technologies that have been deployed in the simulation of crowd evac...

This paper describes a software tool that we have developed at AIAI for modelling the decisions that people make in emergency situations in o shore environments. The tool was developed using C++ and runs on a PC under MS Windows. It has a generic architecture and can be easily extended to other environments with di erent characteristics, e.g., hospitals, commercial buildings, etc. We use frames...

The lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi accident have focused on preventive measures designed to protect nuclear reactors, and crisis management plans. Although there is still no end in sight to the accident that occurred on March 11, 2011, how engineers have handled the aftermath offers new insight into the capacity of organizations to adapt in situations that far exceed the scope of sa...

This paper presents a simulation engine we implemented to support an interactive emergency simulation game. We first discuss various issues on building serious (non-entertainment) games involving the simulation of real life situations. The discussion also considers the use of geographical information systems and dynamic modeling techniques. Then, we present the architecture of the simulation en...

The paper addresses a situation, when universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) network gets congested as a result of a catastrophe or an accident involving many people. The scenario of the situation and objectives for the network during the congestion are defined. Finally, two simple resource management algorithms useful in this case are compared. Their performance, when used separately...

Today, advances in short-range ad-hoc communication and mobile phone technologies allow people to engage in ad-hoc collaborations based solely on their spatial proximity. These technologies can also be useful to enable a form of timely, self-organizing emergency response. Information about emergency events such as a fire, an accident or a toxic spill is most relevant to the people located nearb...