We present MR imaging findings of a 15-year-old girl with a history of chronic back pain, proved by biopsy to be caused by primary extraosseous Ewing sarcoma, extending into the spinal epidural space. We also demonstrate the involvement of the adjacent structures and encroachment on the intervertebral foramina.

A two-echelon supply chain comprising a single retailer and manufacturer is investigated. The may adopt different demand information sharing strategies. Likewise, the decide to encroach, or not on retailer's space. impact of such decisions expected profits strategies both sides discussed. results reveal that: (1) Sharing hiding can lead encroachment; (2) Under each strategy, there are encroachm...

In recent decades, pastoral abandonment has produced profound ecological changes in the Alps. In particular, the reduction in grazing has led to extensive shrub encroachment of semi-natural grasslands, which may represent a threat to open habitat biodiversity. To reverse shrub encroachment, we assessed short-term effects of two different pastoral practices on vegetation and dung beetles (Coleop...

Secondary succession (SS) is one of the main consequences abandonment agricultural and forestry practices in rural areas, causing -among other processes- woody encroachment on former pastures croplands. In this study we model monitor spatial evolution SS over semi-natural grassland communities mountain range Pyrenees Spain, during last 36 years (1984-2019). Independent variables for ‘annual-bas...

In recent years, the encroachment of upstream manufacturer on retailer has become increasingly frequent. This study focuses influence retailer's freebies promotion manufacturer's decisions. The produces products and wholesales them to downstream retailer, then sells directly end retail market. To obtain more profits, can decide whether offer before day. We first decisions by comparing their pay...

Urban expansion significantly alters fringe environments often with undesirable impacts on biodiversity. Consequently, there is a need to define clear conservation objectives for areas subject to urban encroachment. Urban fringe development is a highly dynamic process, both spatially and temporally, but few studies are equipped to examine its temporal effects on biota. We aimed to explore the i...

BACKGROUND It has been stated that individuals who have spondylotic encroachment on the cervical spinal cord without myelopathy are at increased risk of spinal cord injury if they experience minor trauma. Preventive decompression surgery has been recommended for these individuals. The purpose of this paper is to provide the non-surgical spine specialist with information upon which to base advic...

The widespread encroachment of woody plants throughout the semi-arid grasslands in North America has largely resulted from overgrazing by domestic livestock, fire suppression, and loss of native large and small mammalian herbivores. Burrowing-herbivorous mammals, such as prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), help control shrub encroachment through clipping of shrubs and consumption of their seedlings, b...

The major technical drawback of percutaneous vertebroplasty is the potential for neural compromise from leakage of polymethylmethaorylate into epidural or perivertebral veins. We have combined the procedure of intrathecal injection of contrast medium with vertebroplasty to better delineate spinal canal encroachment during injection when the posterior vertebral wall is compromised by myeloma.