The metabolism of rat retina was found to be sensitive to the concentration of the carbon dioxide-bicarbonate buffer system. Increasing the carbon dioxide from 1 per cent to 5 per cent at constant pH nearly doubled both respiration and glycolysis. Increasing the carbon dioxide at constant pH from 5 per cent to 20 per cent had no effect on glycolysis, but depressed the Q(O(O2) ) from 31 to 19. I...

For the purpose of estimating a very small amount of carbon dioxide in general biological problems, two pieces of apparatus have been already described.* The principle of the apparatus is as follows : 1. Exceedingly minute quantities of carbon dioxide can be precipitated as barium carbonate on the surface of a small drop of barium hydroxide solution. 2. When a drop of barium hydroxide is expose...

In dogs anaesthetized with either halothane or chloralose cardiac output was measured at three levels of arterial carbon dioxide tension. As the carbon dioxide tension was raised there were significant increases in cardiac output. After the administration of a selective cardiac beta-receptor blocking agent (practolol) there were no significant changes in cardiac output as the carbon dioxide ten...

We have studied 14 female patients undergoing elective laparoscopy under general anaesthesia with peritoneal insufflation of carbon dioxide in order to examine changes in physiological deadspace (VDphys), arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (PaCO2-PE' CO2) and PaCO2. VCO2 increased after insufflation of carbon dioxide with a mean (SD) maximum increase of 32 (28)% co...

Assessment of blood gas status is important in the management of patients with chronic pulmonary disease. Arterial puncture is often painful and may damage the arterial wall. Measurement of oxygen saturation by transcutaneous oximetry offers a non-invasive alternative to arterial methods but does not allow assessment of partial pressure of carbon dioxide. We have examined the value of oximetry ...

We have examined the cerebrovascular response to carbon dioxide during normotension, sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension and high dose isoflurane-induced hypotension in 10 patients who received a standardized general anaesthetic. Carbon dioxide reactivity was determined by varying PaCO2 between 3.0 and 8.0 kPa and recording simultaneously blood flow velocity from the middle cerebral ...

Field experiments were conducted to test ideas for fossil fuel carbon dioxide ocean disposal as a solid hydrate at depths ranging from 349 to 3627 meters and from 8 degrees to 1.6 degrees C. Hydrate formed instantly from the gas phase at 349 meters but then decomposed rapidly in ambient seawater. At 3627 meters, the seawater-carbon dioxide interface rose rapidly because of massive hydrate forma...

Research in the field of catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to liquid fuels has grown rapidly in the past few decades. This is due to the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and a steady climb in global fuel demand. This tutorial review will present much of the significant work that has been done in the field of electrocatalytic and homogeneous reduction of carbon dioxide o...

Using a rapid spectrographic method of carbon dioxide measurement previously described by McAlister (1937) further studies on the time course of photosynthesis in the higher plant, wheat, variety Marquis, are herein reported. Of major importance in this work is the discovery of a pick-up of carbon dioxide in darkness immediately following a high rate of photosynthesis (see Figs. 3 and 4). This ...

A low-order physical-biogeochemical climate model was used to project atmospheric carbon dioxide and global warming for scenarios developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The North Atlantic thermohaline circulation weakens in all global warming simulations and collapses at high levels of carbon dioxide. Projected changes in the marine carbon cycle have a modest impact on atmo...