Our experimental analysis of alliances in conflicts leads to three main findings. First, even in the absence of repeated interaction, direct contact or communication, free-riding among alliance members is far less pronounced than what would be expected from non-cooperative theory. Second, this possible solidarity among ‘brothers in arms’ when fighting against an outside enemy may rapidly deteri...

Suppose you have u units of ammunition and want to destroy as many as possible of a sequence of attacking enemy aircraft. If you fire v = v(u), 0 ~ v ~ u, units of your ammunition at the first enemy, it survives with probability qv, where 0 < q < 1 is given, and then kills you. With the complementary probability, 1 qV, you destroy the aircraft and you live to face the next enemy with only u-v u...

habrobracon hebetor say (hymenoptera: braconidae) as an ectoparasitoid of larval stage of lepidopterous pests is widely used in biological control programs. in the present research, the effect of field recommended doses of imidacloprid, indoxacarb and deltamethrin were studied on life table parameters of h. hebetor in pupal stage treatment. one hundred, two-day-old pupae were treated with 1 mic...

Propaganda posters have been one of many forms of political media used by modern governments such as the United States, Russia, England, and China, to spread a message across a large area to a wide audience. The popularity of the use of propaganda posters has sparked an interest in the study of posters. China has a long and varied history of the use of posters and propaganda posters. Pre-1949 p...

Stealth game mechanics rely on a suitably difficult distribution of enemy observers, the placement of which is typically a manual process. Here we investigate an automatic process for placement of observer opponents. We use a Monte-Carlo approach to generate randomized enemy positions and motions and combine this with a stealth path-planning and analysis framework. This allows us to ensure feas...

Artifacts such as cartoons contain explicit and implicit evidence of the geography of war. As such, they can offer political, reactive and personal perspectives that are not directly represented in conventional war maps. Maps and cartoons can complement each other in providing a more complete window into war geography. Cartoons relating to the Gallipoli campaign of 1915 were collated and coded ...