The cross-border effects of a capacity market and a strategic reserve in interconnected electricity markets are modeled using an agent-based modeling methodology. Both capacity mechanisms improve the security of supply and reduce consumer costs. Our results indicate that interconnections do not affect the effectiveness of a capacity market, while a strategic reserve is affected negatively. The ...

In this paper, the multi-area environmental economic dispatch (MAEED) problem with reserve constraints is solved by proposing an enhanced particle swarm optimization (EPSO) method. The objective of MAEED problem is to determine the optimal generating schedule of thermal units and inter-area power transactions in such a way that total fuel cost and emission are simultaneously optimized while sat...

The impact of human activities on the environment as a consequence of the industrialization process, the rising trend of the price of fossil fuels, and the incentives offered by governments in many countries have driven the development and evolution of renewable energy sources such as wind energy. The optimal selection of on-line units and optimal output levels of committed units for convention...

This paper presents a novel solution method for joint energy and Spinning Reserve (SR) dispatch problem. In systems in which the Lost Opportunity Cost (LOC) should be paid to generators, if the LOC is not considered in the dispatch problem, the results may differ from the truly optimum solution. Since the LOC is a non-differentiable function, including it in the formulation makes the problem so...

The high reliability and flexibility of Battery Energy Storage (BES) resources in comparison with other renewable technologies promote the development this technology smart grids. fast response BES to load variations could help power system operators maintain balance generation consumption real-time, improve grid, effectively. In work, a new model is presented that determines aggregated schedul...

The flexibility of district heating systems can be utilized to provide ancillary services for electric power and hence the investors make profits by taking advantage arbitrage in multiple markets. This paper proposes a strategic investment scheme system participating both electricity energy reserve markets, which enables enhanced decisions installation combined heat units, pumps, thermal storag...