background: testing and teaching are interrelated in education process; using various kinds of tests, teachers are able to anticipate the strong and weak points of learning in students, their progress and their accomplishment. the influence of test on teaching and learning is commonly referred to as washback. testing washback is a twisted concept that becomes even more complex under a various i...

Background: Testing and teaching are interrelated in education process; using various kinds of tests, teachers are able to anticipate the strong and weak points of learning in students, their progress and their accomplishment. The influence of test on teaching and learning is commonly referred to as washback. Testing washback is a twisted concept that becomes even more complex under a various i...

Despite the big amount of general language dictionaries in electronic form, those coming from specialised areas are still “under construction”. There are two main reasons for this: firstly, the need for these dictionaries was/is less essential than the need for general language dictionaries, since these were/are aiming mainly to specialists, and secondly many specialised areas are changing over...

This qualitative case study focuses on English for Academic Purposes (EAP) practitioner accounts of student academic language development at a UK university. EAP practitioners are often uniquely well placed as experts in the complexities and choices which vary according to discipline, epistemological stance, genre. However, their expertise is misunderstood or misrepresented. contributes debates...