AIM This review gives an outline of the assessment of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus tainting levels in raw milk from different sources in Egypt and characterization of enterotoxigenic strains utilizing a technique in light of PCR to identify genes coding for the production of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE). The obtained data were compared with results from the application of the revers...

Polymyxin B-induced release of enterotoxin from Escherichia coli strain H-10407 was demonstrated. Incubation of E. coli cells derived from 6-h cultures with polymyxin caused the rapid release of enterotoxin with a molecular weight of approximately 20,000, as estimated by the gel filtration technique. The rapidity of the release of enterotoxin indicates that it probably resides in the periplasmi...

Aeromonads are causative agents of a number of human infections. Even though aeromonads have been isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea, their etiological role in gastroenteritis is unclear. In spite of a number of virulence factors produced by Aeromonas species, their association with diarrhea has not been clearly linked. Recently, we have characterized a heat-labile cytotonic enterot...

Natural cholera toxoid appears to act as a competitive inhibitor of cholera enterotoxin and is thus a useful tool for studying the interaction of cholera enterotoxin with cell membranes. Cholera enterotoxin binds to gut mucosa more rapidly than does its natural toxoid. Once binding occurs, however, it appears to be prolonged for both materials. Formalinized cholera toxoid has no inhibitory effe...

The Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin gene cluster, egc, was detected in isolates from healthy individuals and in those from patients with bacteremia. The egc genes cooccur and are slightly enriched in strains from healthy carriers (present in 63.7% of carriage-associated isolates versus 52.9% of invasive isolates; P = 0.03). Multilocus sequence typing revealed that successful staphylococcal cl...

Two peptide bonds of staphylococcal enterotoxin C, were hydrolyzed concurrently at quite different rates during limited digestion with trypsin. A Lys-Val at about position 92 in the disulfide loop was the first bond cleaved, followed by a Lys-Asx at about position 57 on the NH2-terminal side of the loop. Preparations of singly cleaved material (enterotoxin C1-T1) contained about 93% of the clea...

staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen producing different types of toxins. enterotoxin a ( sea ) is the most common type among clinical and food-related strains. the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sea in clinical isolates of s. aureus . moreover, the correlation between sea producing strains and type of infection as well as resistance to antibiotics is also ...