Objective: To introduce a conceptual structure that can be used to organise the evidence base for Health Impact Assessment (HIA). Background: HIA can be used to judge the potential health effects of a policy, programme or project on a population, and the distribution of those effects. Progress has been made in incorporating HIA into routine practice, especially (in the UK) at local level. Howev...

BACKGROUND Health impact assessment has been identified internationally as a mechanism to ensure potential health impacts and health equity impacts of proposals are considered before implementation. This paper looks at the impact of three equity focused health impact assessments (EFHIAs) of health service plans on subsequent decision-making and implementation, and then utilises these findings t...

OBJECTIVE To describe the main differences between conducting a rapid health impact assessment (HIA) and an intermediate HIA on foreshore development plans and their feasibility from a health service perspective. METHODS A rapid HIA and an intermediate HIA were undertaken on two foreshore development plans. RESULTS The main differences between the two HIAs were in the identification, assess...

BASIC CONCEPTS It has long been recognised that health and its determinants are strongly influenced by policies outside the healthcare sector, for example, transport, regeneration projects, and housing. In recent years, several countries have introduced health impact assessment (HIA) to try and ensure that potential effects on health are taken into account. It involves identifying disbenefits a...

In Portugal two municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerators are under construction in the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto. During the development of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies of these units the authors found several limitations and uncertainties associated to the assessment of the environmental impact. Uncertainties were particularly felt on the assessment of the env...

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) followup refers to the activities undertaken during the post-decision stages of the process to monitor, evaluate, manage and communicate the environmental outcomes that occur in order to provide for some follow-up to the environmental impact statement. This article presents the key findings of a workshop on EIA follow-up conducted at IAIA’00 Back to the Fut...

the objectives of this study at the first step are to analyze energy consumption and economical profitability in canola production in mazandaran province of iran and then to investigate environmental emissions of the production using life cycle assessment methodology. at the next step, the corresponding coefficients are applied to investigate environmental indices in canola production. required...

Health impact assessment (HIA) is often used to determine ex ante the health impact of an environmental policy or an environmental intervention. Underpinning any HIA is the framing assumption, which defines the causal pathways mapping environmental exposures to health outcomes. The sensitivity of the HIA to the framing assumptions is often ignored. A novel method based on fuzzy cognitive map (F...

Solid waste is one of the unavoidable products of every society that necessitates the establishment of municipal solid waste management system. Because of variability in quantity and composition of municipal solid wastes, several management scenarios are considered. Assessing the environmental impacts of the life cycle of these scenarios will have a significant role in reducing and resolving ur...

road network (rn) can affect patterns and distribution of land uses and covers. road network expansion has both direct and indirect impacts on land uses and covers changes. agricultural land conversions (alcs) are especially known as one of the main important types of land use changes. the purpose of this paper, in addition to estimation of the direct impact of rn expansion on alcs, is to evalu...