Abstract Background At the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic there were many questions about vulnerability and data reporting among African countries. We previously found that policymakers in Cameroon value region-specific risk maps for emerging diseases. Therefore, we created regional indices Cameroon. As grew, aimed to compare how these predictions related reported cases whether additional count...

Autism is a highly heritable condition, but there is strong epidemiological evidence that environmental factors, especially prenatal exposure to immune challenge, contribute to it. This evidence is largely indirect, and experimental testing is necessary to directly examine causal mechanisms. Mouse models reveal that prenatal immune perturbation disrupts postnatal brain maturation with alteratio...

A case of acute encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the liver in a child was first described in 1929,1 but the association was not recognised as a clinicopathological entity until 1963.2 The syndrome was quickly recognised in several countries and attracted much clinical and pathological investigation.3-5 A conclusive diagnosis can be made on the findings of a severe acute neurological il...

OBJECTIVES Annually reported, publically accessible Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) data from the Japanese government is a part of the total DPC database of the Japanese medical reimbursement system for hospitalization. Although medical issues can be evaluated with these data promptly, the applicability of these data in epidemiological analyses has not been assessed. METHODS We performe...

Neurotoxic, reproductive, and carcinogenic effects are potentially important health end points in epidemiological studies of complex mixtures, particularly when such mixtures contain volatile organic compounds or trace metals. Epidemiological studies of neurotoxicity often will require direct clinical, behavioral, and/or physiological testing of study subjects, because these effects are likely ...

Hypothesis: Pelvic perfusion is the pivotal factor for the outcome of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment once clinical and embryological variables are controlled for their effect. Demonstration of Hypothesis: In a series of three studies, the clinical aspects of embryo implantation were examined from the perspective of tissue perfusion. Epidemiological Study: Clinical and embryological data...

In normal subjects and patients with airway obstruction, flows during a forced vital capacity (FVC) manoeuvre are higher after a fast inspiration without an end-inspiratory pause (manoeuvre 1) as compared to a slow inspiration with an end-expiratory pause of approximately 5 s (manoeuvre 2). In this study, we investigated the influence of these manoeuvres on maximal expiratory volume-time and fl...

BACKGROUND There is a need for a new respiratory symptoms questionnaire for use in epidemiological research in asthma. METHOD A questionnaire was designed following a pilot study in 78 subjects. It contains nine questions on symptoms such as wheeze and difficulty with breathing in defined circumstances such as exercise and sleep. It was completed by 211 adults and validated by comparison with...

The geographical distribution and other epidemiological characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) are compared with those of dental caries. The rates of death due to MS in Australian states are linearly related to the numbers of decayed, missing, and filled (DMF) teeth found in individuals from those states (r=0.97, P less than 0.002). In the United States of America, a strong positive correla...

Experimental studies suggest a myriad of mechanisms by which inorganic arsenic can interfere with central nervous system development, and, indeed, epidemiological studies published in the last dozen years suggest that exposure to arsenic impairs children’s cognitive development. Most of the studies have been conducted in developing countries (e.g., Bangladesh, India, Mexico), where exposure to ...