This paper presents a method to allocate the transmission network costs to users based on nodal pricing approach by regulating the nodal prices from the marginal point to the new point. Transmission nodal pricing based on marginal prices is not able to produce enough revenue to recover the total transmission network costs. However, according to the previous studies in this context, this met...

The relative position between two 2-D spatial regions is often represented quantitatively by a force histogram. In the case of raster data, force histograms are usually computed in (KNN) time, where N is the number of pixels in the image and K is the number of directions in which forces are considered. When the regions are defined as fuzzy sets instead of crisp sets, the complexity also depe...

Nonlinear static procedure (NSP) is a common technique to predict seismic demands on various building structures by subjecting a monotonically increasing horizontal loading (pushover) to the structure. Therefore, the pushover analysis is an important part of each NSP. Accordingly, the current paper aims at investigating the efficiencyof various algorithms of lateral load patterns applied to the...

Introduction: Clinical examination and even anatomical imaging may fail to identify primary site of malignancy in patients presenting with cervical nodal metastasis. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) is known to overcome the limitations of anatomic imaging. Methods: Sixty-three (63) patient...

conclusions echocardiography and 2d speckle tracking strain imaging shows improvements in left ventricular deformation indices in atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (avrt) and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (avnrt) patients for the mean systolic strain and strain rate at 24 hours and the three-month follow-up. in spite of the normal lvef, even during sinus rhythm, deformation ...

In the paper we study the influence of generalized external forces, which can act anywhere on the body of the manipulator, on the behavior of the manipulator. These forces are considered as disturbances which are not measurable. First we analyze how these forces act in the task space and in the null space, and define the equivalent generalized forces in both subspaces. Next we propose tracking ...

A study was conducted to examine the effects of nation-states’ political institutions on state relations. War-fighting and selection-effects explanation were compared to explain why democracies were more likely to win wars. An analysis of all interstate wars between 1816 and 1982 revealed that democracies that initiate wars often win them. Results also suggest that domestic political structure ...

Global fits to precision cosmological data which show that there is a dark energy component comprising about 2/3 of the total cosmological energy also hint that a dark energy with w = P/ρ < −1 is viable, even favored. Here we discuss implications of such a surprising w, including whether it jeopardizes vacuum stability. It appears to be secure in microscopic processes, but why bulk dark energy ...

Investors significantly reduce their future returns by selecting mutual funds with higher fees, allured by higher past returns that do not predict future performance. This suboptimal behavior, which can roughly halve an investor’s retirement savings, is driven by two psychological factors. One factor is difficulty comprehending rate information, which is critical given that mutual fund fees and...

The basic concern of the present work is the exploitation of the notion of material forces in the theoretical and computational analysis of open systems with particular application to biomechanical problems. Based on a completely dual framework for the spatial and the material motion problem, we introduce the balance equations for open system thermodynamics. In combination with the appropriate ...