Abstract As near-surface wind speed plays a role in regulating surface evaporation and thus the hydrological cycle, it is crucial to explore its spatio-temporal characteristics. However, in-situ measurements are scarce over Tibetan Plateau, limiting understanding of climate across this high-elevation region. This study explores climatology Plateau by using for first time homogenized observation...

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to apply and assess an exponential filter that calculates the root-zone soil moisture using surface data from ocean salinity (SMOS) satellite, as well simulated in land-surface models global databases. water index (obtained after application of filter) land (GLDAS-CLSM, GLDAS-Noah, ERA5-Land) databases were compared with situ evaluate their efficiency estimating...

In the study, performance of MIKE 21 SW (Spectral Wave) model using three different wind fields, namely ERA-Interim, ERA5, and CFSR was evaluated in Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Model results were calibrated with four buoy measurements by tuning physical parameters. Wave simulations showed a strong sensitivity to whitecapping parameter (Cds). Calibrated run validate at two measurements. Consideri...

The total column ozone (TCO) at northern high latitudes is increased over a course of 1–2 months after major sudden stratospheric warming as consequence enhanced eddy transport and diffusive fluxes. We analyzed ground-based measurements TCO from Oslo, Andøya Ny Ålesund 2000 to 2020. During this time interval, 15 warmings (SSWs) occurred. observed variations are in good agreement with those ECMW...

Abstract Model-based estimates of aviation’s climate impacts have found that contrails contribute 36%–81% instantaneous radiative forcing. These depend on the accuracy meteorological data provided by reanalyses like ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation (ERA5) and Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications V2 (MERRA-2). Using from 793 044 radiosondes, we find persistent forming at cr...

Atmospheric heterogeneity mainly exposes itself as tropospheric-phase delay in Satellite Interferometric Synthetic Aperture radar (InSAR) observations, which smears or even overshadows the deformation component of InSAR measurements. In this study, we estimated performance four Global Models (GAMs), i.e. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA5), ERA-Interi...

Precipitation data with fine quality plays vital roles in hydrological-related applications. In this study, we choose the high-quality China Merged Analysis (CMPA) as benchmark for evaluating four satellite-based precipitation products (PERSIANN-CCS, FY4A QPE, GSMap_Gauge, IMERG-Final) and one model-based product (ERA5-Land), respectively, at 0.1°, hourly scales over Zhejiang province, China, s...

Abstract Tropospheric delay is a major error caused by atmospheric refraction in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning. The study evaluates the potential of European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) Reanalysis 5 (ERA5) variables estimating Zenith Delay (ZTD). Linear regression models (LRM) are applied to estimate ZTD with ERA5 variables. also estimated using stan...