Quaternary climatic oscillations caused changes in sea level that altered the size, number and degree of isolation of islands, particularly in land-bridge archipelagoes. Elucidating the demographic effects of these oscillations increases our understanding of the role of climate change in shaping evolutionary processes in archipelagoes. The Puerto Rican Bank (PRB) (Puerto Rico and the Eastern Is...

ABSTRACT The phylogenetic relationships within Eurasian Quaternary rhinoceroses is reassessed for the first time by means of Bayesian analysis. results show Stephanorhinus as a monophyletic clade, with Pliorhinus sister taxon and Coelodonta their closest relative. A new scenario on origin, evolution paleobiogeography therefore provided. originated in Mediterranean Basin, dispersing towards East...

Himalayan hemlock (Tsuga dumosa) experienced a recolonization event during the Quaternary period; however, the specific dispersal routes are remain unknown. Recently, the least cost path (LCP) calculation coupled with population genetic data and species distribution models has been applied to reveal the landscape connectivity. In this study, we utilized the categorical LCP method, combining spe...

Precipitation behaviour of wrought Al-6Mg alloys with ternary scandium and quaternary zirconium and titanium has been studied. Hardness measurements and resistivity studies are employed to assess the precipitation behaviour of scandium doped Al-6Mg alloy without or with quaternary additions of zirconium and titanium. Further, the kinetics of precipitations are studied by differential scanning c...

The upper kilometer of the Hawaiian Scientific Drilling Program core consists of lavas that were emplaced subaerially, burying paleosols. These paleosols were preserved with minimal alteration and are used to construct a ∼330-kyr Quaternary climate record. Within the temporal resolution of this record, there appears to be a ∼100-kyr climate oscillation between cool-dry and warm-wet conditions, ...

A high-resolution pollen record from western Greece shows that the amplitude of millennial-scale oscillations in tree abundance during the last glacial period was subdued, with temperate tree populations surviving throughout the interval. This provides evidence for the existence of an area of relative ecological stability, reflecting the influence of continued moisture availability and varied t...

Future developments in AI and robotics, brain interfaces, the Internet and virtual and augmented reality, will make possible new types of integration of humans and machines which will change how we think, learn and live. This paper uses a story about a future scenario involving systems of this kind to respond to crises and disasters to explore the possibilities of collective intelligence and co...

This is a historical paper which deals with a brief account of Abbasid's period. In this article the existence of Ayurveda in Arab countries, arrival of Ayurvedic physicians to Baghdad, their eminence, authenticity and literary additions in medical field has been studied and presented.

Abstract Construction of all-carbon quaternary centres is an important task in organic synthesis. In spite the challenges associated with Csp3–Csp3 bond construction a sterically constrained environment, significant advances have been made this area. Among latter, both catalytic and noncatalytic [3+2] cycloaddition approaches gained wide attention recently. This short review summarizes reaction...