AIM To determine whether serum hyaluronic acid (HA) concentrations are abnormal in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) liver disease, and if so, whether the abnormality is associated with disease severity. METHODS A total of 74 patients with CF were assessed for evidence of liver involvement as indicated by clinical, ultrasound, and biochemical findings. Serum hyaluronic acid concentrations we...

PURPOSE Hyaluronan (HA) is a high-molecular weight glycosaminoglycan that can affect water and solute fluxes in the extracellular matrix. The distribution of HA in the human trabecular meshwork of nonglaucomatous eyes was examined to help understand the potential role of HA in the regulation of aqueous outflow resistance. METHODS Histolocalization of HA was established in situ in the trabecul...

A mutant designated NC2168, which was selected from wild-type Streptococcus equisimilis CVCC55116 by ultraviolet ray combined with(60)Co-γ ray treatment and does not produce streptolysin, was employed to produce hyaluronic acid (HA). In order to increase the output of HA in a flask, the culture medium and conditions for NC2168 were optimized in this study. The influence of culture medium ingred...

Current biofuel feedstock crops such as corn lead to large environmental losses of N through nitrate leaching and NO emissions; second-generation cellulosic crops have the potential to reduce these N losses. We measured N losses and cycling in establishing miscanthus (), switchgrass ( L. fertilized with 56 kg N ha yr), and mixed prairie, along with a corn ( L.)-corn-soybean [ (L.) Merr.] rotati...

Background Influenza virus is a highly contagious human and animal pathogen causing infections of the respiratory track. Prevention such as high standard hygiene and vaccination still represent the best measures for protection. Beside the traditional egg-based influenza vaccine production, numerous cell culture-based processes are currently being established. Due to its ability to induce strong...

In this research, biodiversity was investigated in the species diversity level. The objective of this research was to study of Norway Maple (Acer platanoides L.) dispersion and biodiversity of associated woody species in the Shafaroud forests, Gilan (IRAN). In this regard, a 0.5 ha lozenge sample plot was selected with considering presence of Norway Maple in each site. In each plot, geographic ...

Organization in biological membranes spans many orders of magnitude in length scale, but limited resolution in far-field light microscopy has impeded distinction between numerous biomembrane models. One canonical example of a heterogeneously distributed membrane protein is hemagglutinin (HA) from influenza virus, which is associated with controversial cholesterol-rich lipid rafts. Using fluores...

The emergence of human-transmissible H5N1 avian influenza viruses poses a major pandemic threat. H5N1 viruses are thought to be highly genetically diverse both among and within hosts; however, the effects of this diversity on viral replication and transmission are poorly understood. Here we use deep sequencing to investigate the impact of within-host viral variation on adaptation and transmissi...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by the H5N1 subtype has given rise to serious damage in poultry industries in Asia. The virus has expanded its geographical range to Europe and Africa, posing a great risk to human health as well. For the control of avian influenza, a rapid diagnosis by detecting the causative virus and identifying its subtype is essential. In the present study, a...