The association of birthweight and body size throughout life with premenopausal breast cancer risk may be due, in part, to relationships with sex hormones. Therefore, we assessed whether birthweight, body shape at ages 5 and 10, body mass index (BMI) at age 18 and adulthood, adult waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and attained height were associated with the plasma concentration...

background: diminished libido and sexual dysfunction are unusually common among male epileptic patients. the most important etiologic factor may be antiepileptic drugs (aeds)-induced androgen deficiency. we compared reproductive hormone levels among men with epilepsy taking various aeds and normal controls. methods: subjects were 59 male epileptic patients who aged 24 ± 5 years. they had been r...

During the past ten years much information has been accumulated concerning the interaction of tritiated estrogens with hormone-dependent tissues. Their striking affinity for estradiol, both in vivol-5 and in vitro,6-9 first suggested that such target tissues as uterus, vagina, and anterior pituitary possess unique components called "estrogen receptors." Strong but reversible association of horm...

INTRODUCTION Associations of endogenous sex hormone levels and all as well as estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers are well described. However, studies investigating their association with ER-negative tumours are limited and none use accurate assays such as mass spectrometry. METHODS Within the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS), a nested case-control study...

AIM To investigate whether estrogen stimulates the proliferation of spermatogonia or induces spermatogenesis in cryptorchid mice. METHODS Mice were surgically rendered cryptorchid, then treated with different doses of 17beta-estradiol (E2) s.c. once a day. Mice were killed at sexual maturity (45 days of age), and histological analysis and immunofluorescence were performed. Serum follicle stim...

Venous complications have been implicated in the adverse effects of hormone replacement therapy. This study investigated acute effects of the natural estrogen, 17 -estradiol, on function, estrogen receptors/GPR30 expression, and kinase activation in vascular rings and cultured smooth muscle cells from arteries and veins of patients with coronary artery disease. Changes in vascular tone of inter...

The present study aimed to determine estrogen feedback action sites to mediate prepubertal restraint of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) release in female rats. Wistar-Imamichi strain rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and received a local estradiol-17β (estradiol) or cholesterol microimplant in several brain areas, such as the medial preoptic area (mPOA), paraventricu...

The influence of the sex steroid hormones progesterone and estradiol on physiology and behavior during menstrual cycles and pregnancy is well known. Several studies indicate that olfactory performance changes with cyclically fluctuating steroid hormone levels in females. Knowledge of the exact mechanisms behind how female sex steroids modulate olfactory signaling is limited. A number of differe...

CONTEXT Ovarian hormones modulate insulin sensitivity, but their exact role remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We tried to determine whether different doses of 17-beta-estradiol cause changes in the regulation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) levels, and if so, the possible implications in insulin sensitivity. DESIGN Ovariectomized rats were treated with different doses of 17-beta-estradiol at...

Serum gonadotropin and estradiol levels were measured in 14 women with regular menses during the early and midfollicular phases. Early follicular follicle-stimulating hormone and, to a lesser extent, luteinizing hormone levels were significantly higher in a group of eight women who had had at least one set of dizygotic twins (six of whom had had two sets) than in a control group of six women wi...