An ethanol-oxidizing system was reconstituted with cytochrome P-450, NADPH-cytochrome r reductase, and phospholipid. This system also metabolized propanol, butanol, and benzphetamine. Neither catalase nor alcohol dehydrogenase plays a role in this system. Characteristics of this system are similar to those of the microsomal ethanoloxidizing system. Chronic ethanol feeding of either male or fema...

Ethanol stimulated the uptake of l-alanine into isolated membrane vesicles of a marine pseudomonad at a rate and to an extent comparable with that obtained with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or the artificial electron donor ascorbate-N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (ascorbate-TMPD). Methanol and branched-chain alcohols had little or no capacity to energize transpo...

[1] The use of ethanol as a transportation fuel in the U.S. increased significantly from 2000–2009, and in 2010 nearly all gasoline contained 10% ethanol. In accordance with this increased use, atmospheric measurements of volatile organic compounds in Los Angeles in 2010 were significantly enriched in ethanol compared to measurements in urban outflow in the Northeast U.S. in 2002 and 2004. Mixi...

In situ solid-state NMR methodologies have been used to investigate the photocatalytic oxidation of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) over a series of SnO2-based photocatalysts. The adsorption of ethanol on commercially available SnO2 powder was studied using both cross-polarization 13C NMR and REDOR experiments, and showed the formation of two surface ethanol species, hydrogen-bonded ethanol at surface hydro...

Some 3, 5-diacyl or 3,5-diester 1,4-dihydropyridines were oxidized to the corresponding pyridine derivatives using hydrogen peroxide in aqueous ethanol in the presence of potassium bromide and acetic acid as the catalysts. The reaction was carried out in ethanol and products were isolated in high to excellent yields. However, oxidation of 3,5-diacetyl 1,4-dihydropyridines is slower than 3,5-die...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS 13C-Ketoisocaproic Acid Breath Test (13C-Kica-BT) has been proposed to assess mitochondrial function. Aim of this study is to evaluate whether gender affects mithocondrial oxidation by means of 13C-Kica-BT in healthy subjects in basal conditions and after an acute oxidative stress induced by ethanol. METHODOLOGY 50 healthy volunteers were given 1 mg/kg of 13C-Kica together...

This work presents a multi-route, non-structural kinetic model for interpretation of ethanol fermentation of lactose using a recombinant flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain expressing both the LAC4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and LAC12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of Kluyveromyces lactis. In this model, the values of different metabolic pathways are calculated applying a modif...

Epidemiological data have identified chronic alcohol consumption as a significant risk factor for cancer in humans. The exact mechanism of ethanol-associated carcinogenesis has remained unknown. The metabolism of ethanol leads to generation of acetaldehyde (AA), which is highly toxic and carcinogenic. The amount of acetaldehyde to which cells or tissues are exposed after alcohol ingestion may b...

This review article addresses the biological factors that influence: (i) the acquisition of alcohol intake; (ii) the maintenance of chronic alcohol intake; and (iii) alcohol relapse-like drinking behavior in animals bred for their high-ethanol intake. Data from several rat strains/lines strongly suggest that catalase-mediated brain oxidation of ethanol into acetaldehyde is an absolute requireme...