OBJECTIVE The aim of this pilot study was to examine changes in different aspects of impairment, including spasticity in the upper limbs, of hemiplegic children following botulinum toxin type A intervention. Progress was assessed using standard clinical measurements and a robotic device. DESIGN Pre-post multiple baseline. SUBJECTS Six children with hemiplegia. METHODS Botulinium toxin typ...

Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of spasticity and physical disability in children and spasticity is one of the commonest problems in those with neurological disease. The management of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy requires a multidisciplinary effort and should be started as early as possible. There are a number of treatments available for the management of spasticity. This ...

BACKGROUND Most of the objective and quantitative methods proposed for spasticity measurement are not suitable for clinical application, and methods for surface electromyography (sEMG) signal processing are mainly limited to the time-domain. This study aims to quantify muscle activity in the time-frequency domain, and develop a practical clinical method for the objective and reliable evaluation...

A high prevalence of spasticity in patients with a variety of upper motor neuron lesions has been reported and spasticity assessments and treatments have been the focus of several recent research articles. It is important for researchers based in non-clinical settings, who are designing scales to measure spasticity, to understand the nuances of the challenges facing clinicians involved in spast...

Spasticity is a sign of upper motor neurone lesion, which can be located in the cerebrum or the spinal cord, and be caused by stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, brain injury, cerebral paresis, or other neurological conditions. Management is dependent on clinical assessment. Positive and negative effects of spasticity should be considered. Ashworth score and the modified Ashworth sc...

Objectives: The main purpose of this research was to study and contribute to an accurate test of spastic limb. The intra, inter rater reliability of the test was examined. Methods: The present study was carried out in two parts In the first part of the study, the modified Ashworth Scale with Intermediate Scores (ASIS) was studied. During the second part of the study the intra, inter rater re...

BACKGROUND Spasticity often leads to symptomatic and functional problems that can cause disability for stroke survivors. We studied whether spasticity has a negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS As part of the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study (NCT00642213), 460 ischemic stroke patients were interviewed during hospitalization and then followed over...

Background. Arm spasticity is a challenge in the care of chronic stroke survivors with motor deficits. In order to advance spasticity treatments, a better understanding of the mechanism of spasticity-related neuroplasticity is needed. Objective. To investigate brain function correlates of spasticity in chronic stroke and to identify specific regional functional brain changes related to rehabili...