Le Chatelier's principle is used as a very simple way to predict the effect of a change in conditions on a chemical equilibrium. . However, several studies have reported the violation of this principle, still there is no reported simple mathematical equation to express the exact condition of violation in the gas phase reactions. In this article, we derived a simple equation for the violation of...

Recently, we proposed a theoretical framework to include thermal fluctuations into the Lattice Boltzmann (LB) method for non-ideal fluids. Here, we apply a variant thereof to a certain class of force-based non-ideal fluid LB models. We find that ideal-gas-like noise is an exact result of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in the hydrodynamic regime. It is shown that satisfactory equilibration ...

The injection of secondary particles produced by dark annihilation around redshift ∼ 1000 would inevitably affect the process of recombination, leaving an imprint on cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies. We show that the most recent CMB measurements provided by the WMAP satellite mission and the ACT telescope place interesting constraints on DM self-annihi...

Euclidean distance -nearest neighbor ( -NN) classifiers are simple nonparametric classification rules. 5 5 Bootstrap methods, widely used for estimating the expected prediction error of classification rules, are motivated by the objective of calculating the ideal bootstrap estimate of expected prediction error. In practice, bootstrap methods use Monte Carlo resampling to estimate the ideal boot...

We examine the ability for the Large Area Telescope (LAT) to constrain Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) dark matter through a combined analysis of Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We examine the Lightest Supersymmetric Particles (LSPs) for a set of ∼ 71k experimentally valid supersymmetric models derived from the phenomenological-MSSM (pMSSM). We find that none of these models c...

Various sequences that possess explicit analytic expressions can be analysed asymptotically through integral representations due to Lindelöf, which belong to an attractive but largely forgotten chapter of complex analysis. One of the outcomes of such analyses concerns the non-existence of linear recurrences with polynomial coefficients annihilating these sequences, and, accordingly, the non-exi...