The intensification of agriculture is often associated with declining mobility and bone strength through time, although women often exhibit less pronounced trends than men. For example, previous studies of prehistoric Central European agriculturalists (~5300 calibrated years BC to 850 AD) demonstrated a significant reduction in tibial rigidity among men, whereas women were characterized by low ...

If demographers could ask one question of the wisest of our prehistoric ancestors, they would surely ask, "How was the growth of your population kept so slow?" The average rate of growth in the numbers of our ancestors over a million years cannot by any stretch of the imagination have exceeded one thousandth of our own world rate of growth in the last two decades, and this low long-term average...

To determine the prevalence of significant left-right differences in hip bone mineral density (BMD), and the impact of this difference on osteoporosis diagnosis, we measured bilateral proximal femora using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 3481 subjects (608 males, 2873 females). The difference between left and right hip was considered significant if it exceeded the smallest detectable ...

The present study was aimed at the estimation of heavy metal content in vegetables sold at the city market of one of the densely populated Croatian cities, Varaždin, and to establish the relationship between their levels and possible sources of contamination. Twenty-eight samples of the most common diet vegetables (red and white potato, onion, carrot, common bean, lettuce, and cabbage) were ran...

The lateral superior olive (LSO) is one of the most peripheral auditory nuclei receiving inputs from both ears, and LSO neurons are sensitive to interaural level differences (ILDs), one of the primary acoustical cues for sound location. We used the virtual space (VS) technique to present over earphones broadband stimuli containing natural combinations of localization cues as a function of azimu...

The acute effects of topical pilocarpine 4 per cent, administered to one eye, have been studied in replicate experiments in young volunteers. One hour after medication administration the intraocular pressure was significantly lower. The magnitude of the reduction exceeded that predicated from the significant increase of true facility of outflow. This is explained by the observation of a signifi...

Heavy rain in July 2020 washed away 17 bridges Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. This paper calculated the hydrodynamic force acting on one of during flood. One-dimensional analysis riverbed variation was conducted based water level observed upstream bridge. The results showed that drag exceeded estimated strength bridge bearings design criteria at time construction. maximum less than bearing specifi...