a series of tests and also numerical analyses were conducted to explore the mechanical behavior of a mixture of coarse gravelsize particles floating in a matrix of silt, sand or clay. the research is a step forward in an ongoing investigation on behavior of composite clay, which is used as the core material of some large embankment dams all over the world. after providing the reader with an ove...

Buxton (1933) has classified insects into 'spenders' and 'savers'. The 'savers* (e.g. Cimex, Tenebrio) excrete a dry urine and are extremely resistant to desiccation. Lucilia, CalUphora, Glossina and Musca are given as examples of typical 'spenders' for they produce large volumes of liquid urine, the accompanying water loss being compensated by oral intake. The amount of water lost through the ...

in this study, a researching program is conducted by cyclic triaxial test to determine the post-cyclic behavior of bushehr carbonate sand retrieved from the north of the persian gulf, under anisotropic consolidation at 200 kpa confining pressure. the article compares the post-cyclic monotonic strength and excess pore water pressures generated after the test with the pre-cyclic monotonic results...

The kidney and its response to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are the principal protective mechanisms necessary to maintain a normal plasma tonicity (osmolality). Hence, determination of the response of the ADH-renal axis to an abnormal plasma tonicity is an important step to understanding water homeostasis. Determination of free water clearance is the most direct clinical method to measure the...

This study evaluated the freshwater use of two mangrove species (R. mucronate: Rhizophora mucronata and A. marina: Avicennia marina) growing in a coastal area Djibouti City on Moucha Island Djibouti. We accomplished this by comparing hydrogen oxygen stable isotope ratios (δ2H δ18O) body water with those creek water, soil groundwater, rainwater samples. Line-conditioned excess (lc-excess) was ca...

The size dependence of the binding energy of a localized excess electron in large water clusters originates from long-range polarization interactions. The vertical and adiabatic binding energies of compact, interior excess electron states in (H20); clusters, obtained from quantum path-integral moleculardynamics simulations, exhibit a linear dependence on n I/‘, in quantitative agreement with th...

Anionic water clusters have long been studied to infer properties of the bulk hydrated electron. We used photoelectron imaging to characterize a class of (H2O)n- and (D2O)n- cluster anions (n </= 200 molecules) with vertical binding energies that are significantly lower than those previously recorded. The data are consistent with a structure in which the excess electron is bound to the surface ...

Off-specular diffuse x-ray scattering measurements on both pure water and a homogeneous Langmuir monolayer of poly-g-benzyl-L-glutamate (PBLG) on water establish the validity of a proposed sum rule for scattering from capillary fluctuations on liquid surfaces. Excess scattering above the predicted capillary contribution is observed when the PBLG monolayer is compressed beyond its elastic limit....

The osmotic coefficient of aqueous solutions of cyclohexylsulfamic acid was determined by freezing point measurements up to the molality 0.65 mol kg-1. The osmotic coefficients were fitted to the Pitzer equation, and ion interaction parameters α1, β(0) and β(1) were evaluated. The mean ion activity coefficient of the solute was calculated, and the non-ideal behaviour of the system investigated ...