murder is among the most abominable human acts and the most criminal behavior of mankind; in shī’a jurisprudence, punishment for deliberate murder is qiṣāṣ (retaliated punishment) in general. on the basis of this general principle, murder of child by father is regarded as an exception. on that account, the ruling concerning the mother in this respect is set forth and with respect to the solidit...

INTRODUCTION In the last times there has been an increased incidence of syphilis especially among homosexual men. In our department we have diagnosed 11 cases of early syphilis in 6 months during 2006, thus confirming an epidemic outbreak. MATERIAL AND METHODS We carried out an epidemiological survey of patients with early syphilis. RESULTS Syphilis was secondary in five cases and primary i...

In this paper a new mathematical procedure is presented for combining different pieces of evidence which are represented in the interval form to reflect our knowledge about the truth of a hypothesis. Evidences may be correlated to each other (dependent evidences) or conflicting in supports (conflicting evidences). First, assuming independent evidences, we propose a methodology to construct comb...

BACKGROUND An increase in the use of drugs and polypharmacy have been displayed over time in spite of the fact that polypharmacy represents a well known risk factor as regards patients' health due to the adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, and low adherence to drug therapy arising from polypharmacy. For policymakers, as well as for clinicians, it is important to follow the developin...

future invocation of evidences that their truth have been investigated in the previous case can be useful or necessary. it is especially important when secondary presentation of evidences has been impossible or difficult. in this article we are trying to know what must the court do against evidences that were considered in another proceedings. it must study if the court have to accept evaluatio...