We examined whether arctic ground squirrel (Spermophilus parryii plesius) populations in northern boreal forest in the Yukon Territory, Canada, were limited by food, predators, or a combination of both, during the decline and low phases of a snowshoe hare cycle. From 1990 to 1995, populations were monitored in large-scale (1 km2) experimental manipulations. Squirrels were studied on eight 9-ha ...

Globally, there is a serious issue in carbon stock due to high deforestation and the loss of land, limited storage pools aboveground underground forests different regions, increased emissions atmosphere. This review paper highlights impact exclosures on above below ground stocks biomass as solution globally curb emissions. The data has been analyzed dependent Intergovernmental Panel Climate Cha...

Sapling recruitment in hardwood forests is often suppressed by overstory shade, interspecific competition, and browsing pressure from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman). In some northern stands, these three interacting factors may cause persistent failure of the dominant canopy species, sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), into sapling size class. this study, we compared initi...

In hybrid sunflower, bee pollination can improve productivity, but the contribution of bees to productivity may be over or underestimated. To estimate effects (seed trait gains from exposure during anthesis), single capitula are commonly covered with a porous material exclude bees. However, depending on exclosure porosity, estimates magnitude will vary. two studies, porosity size and effect in ...

introduction the complexity of natural ecosystem, as the rangelands, is caused to propose the different approaches toevaluatethe ecosystem on the basis of sustainable and systematic management. study on the interaction connectionsbetween plants and biotic and abiotic factors in the rangeland ecosystem can be achieved by relationsofmanagerial strategies in order to conduct the rangeland health. ...