Ball valve is one of valves that have many applications in industry especially in gas delivery systems. This kind of valve is categorized in the on- off flow control valve. This study aims to investigate unusual application of ball valve to control fluid flow in the oil and gas industry and its destructive effect including erosion of ball and body of valve. Simulation of industrial ball valve i...

Modern heavy-duty vehicles are equipped with compression braking mechanisms that augment their braking capability and reduce wear of the conventional friction brakes. In this paper we consider a heavy-duty vehicle equipped with a continuously variable compression braking mechanism. The variability of the compression braking torque is achieved through controlling a secondary opening of the exhau...

Introduction: It is well-documented that right-sided heart dysfunction and significant tricuspid valve regurgitation (TVR) have adverse effects on patient outcomes after left-sided heart valve surgery. Therefore, the evaluation of right ventriclular (RV) function and TR severity in patients who had undergone mitral valve replacement (MVR), associated with/without concomitant su...

rate. In the USA, the introduction of federal car exhaust emission standards in 1968 did lead to a reduction in deaths from exhaust poisoning (Clarke & Lester, 1987). EC legislation regarding exhaust emissions has now been introduced into the UK, and the use of catalytic converters (which reduce exhaust carbon monoxide content by 80-90%) is becoming more widespread. The case of a failed suicide...

The engine and its exhaust flow behaviors are investigated in a turbo-charged gasoline direct injection engine under simulated cold-fast-idle condition. The metrics of interest are the exhaust sensible and chemical enthalpy flows, and the exhaust temperature, all of which affect catalyst light off time. The exhaust sensible enthalpy flow is mainly a function of combustion phasing; the exhaust c...

There is an emerging concern that particulate air pollution increases the risk of cranial nerve disease onset. Small nanoparticles, mainly derived from diesel exhaust particles reach the olfactory bulb by their nasal depositions. It has been reported that diesel exhaust inhalation causes inflammation of the olfactory bulb and other brain regions. However, these toxicological studies have not ev...

The air quality in air-conditioned mass transport buses may affect bus drivers' health. In-bus air quality improvement with the voluntary participation of bus drivers by opening the exhaust ventilation fans in the bus was implemented in the Seventh Bus Zone of Bangkok Mass Transit Authority. Four bus numbers, including bus numbers 16, 63, 67 and 166, were randomly selected to investigate microb...

OBJECTIVES Diesel exhaust is a common air pollutant made up of several gases, hydrocarbons, and particles. An experimental study was carried out which was designed to evaluate if a particle trap on the tail pipe of an idling diesel engine would reduce effects on symptoms and lung function caused by the diesel exhaust, compared with exposure to unfiltered exhaust. METHODS Twelve healthy non-sm...

Metal-containing fuel additives catalyzing soot combustion in diesel particle filters are used in a widespread manner, and with the growing popularity of diesel vehicles, their application is expected to increase in the near future. Detailed investigation into how such additives affect exhaust toxicity is therefore necessary and has to be performed before epidemiological evidence points towards...