The existing building stock is largely made up of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, constructed between the post-World War II period and 1981, mostly consists buildings very quickly to meet great housing demand this period, that do not adhere anti-seismic energy regulations. Today, after more than fifty years, these have reached end their useful life cycle maintenance sustainable, presenting ...

In recent decades, the considerable number of worldwide earthquakes caused damage and several building collapses, underlining high vulnerability existing buildings designed without seismic provisions. this regard, work analyses performance a reinforced concrete any criteria, characterized by seismically-stronger seismically-weaker direction, such as concrete-framed structures for vertical load ...

Despite some recent conceptual studies and a modicum of empirical evidence, urban models do not currently take into account the energy efficiency of buildings. This paper presents a framework for incorporating energy efficiency and energy use of buildings into urban models based on microeconomic theory and pricing mechanisms in real estate markets. Using the example of the IRPUD urban land use,...

In this paper, seismic behavior of the existing buildings equipped by friction dampers is studied. Seismic performance of6-story, 9-story and 12-story steel buildings with damper and without damper were studied. The finite element modeling technique (SAP2000 Software) is used for analysis. Time History analyzing was done to achieve this purpose. For nonlinear dynamic analysis, the responses of ...

Shape grammars have been used as a method for modeling buildings, both in architecture and in computer graphics. In this report, we survey some of the shape grammar papers, present some projects using shape grammars, and give our evaluation of shape grammars in computer graphics. In particular, we feel shape grammars are useful for generating a large variety of buildings, such as might be neede...

The vulnerability of buildings on coastal dikes due to overtopping wave impacts is difficult to assess. A method is developed in this paper to quantify the vulnerability of masonry buildings on a coastal dike exposed to wave overtopping. Using previous studies, the accidental loads due to the extreme wave impacts are characterized. Using the approach from Eurocode 6, the strength of masonry bui...

Buildings contribute a major component of the world’s total energy consumption. During the design phase, building energy simulation models can be used to predict building performance and design energy-efficient buildings that consume an optimal amount of energy, if operated and maintained within the confines of energy model assumptions. Similarly, Dynamic DataDriven Simulation and Analysis (DDD...