Intraperitoneal amniotic fluid leak is a known complication of fetoscopic procedures that usually resolves spontaneously with expectant management. Intraperitoneal amniotic fluid leak may persist after fetoscopic procedures due to a myometrial window as well as to persistent chorioamniotic membrane disruption, which may be amenable to surgical repair.

Abstract Hydrazine is a hazardous chemical commonly used as a reactant in rocket and jet fuel cells. Animal studies have demonstrated hepatic changes after hydrazine inhalation. Human case reports of hydrazine inhalation hepatotoxicity are rare. We report a case of mild hepatotoxicity following brief hydrazine vapour inhalation in a healthy young man, which resolved completely on expectant mana...

A policy of expectant management until 32 weeks of gestation in 29 dichorionic pregnancies discordant for growth retardation resulted in an overall mortality of 24% (95% CI 13.9-37.2%) and a handicap of 2.2% (95% CI 0-12.0%). None of the normally grown co-twins died or was handicapped as a result of iatrogenic prematurity.

Foot drop resulting from subluxation of the superior tibio-fibular joint is described in a female dancer. Spontaneous resolution of the nerve injury occurred over two months with no residual joint instability. Expectant management is recommended for this injury. The potential for this unusual injury, in a wide variety of sports, is pointed out.

Appendiceal inversion is an uncommon entity that presents a diagnostic dilemma for the gastroenterologist or surgeon. We present 2 cases that illustrate scenarios that may be encountered during colonoscopy. A discussion of the literature on this subject is also presented. An improved awareness of this condition will assist the endoscopist in the identification of this finding and direct the app...

BACKGROUND Induction of labour is common, and cesarean delivery is regarded as its major complication. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether the risk of cesarean delivery is higher or lower following labour induction compared with expectant management. METHODS We searched 6 electronic databases for relevant articles published through April 2012 to identify ...

Question: Is an elective colectomy after the first episode of diverticulitis in patients under 50 years, or after the second episode in patients over 50 years, preferable to a strategy of expectant management until after the fourth episode? Design: A Markov model was used to determine the lifetime risks of death and colostomy, quality of life and costs associated with elective colectomy after t...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) assessed in cervical secretion can predict successful induction and spontaneous onset of labor in post-term pregnancy, compared to ultrasound measurement of cervical length and Bishop score. DESIGN Cohort study, originating from a randomized controlled trial. SETTING Obstetric department of a university and...

OBJECTIVE A systematic review of studies assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture-type interventions (moxibustion, acupuncture, or electro-acupuncture) on acupuncture point BL 67 to correct breech presentation compared to expectant management, based on controlled trials. DATA SOURCES Articles published from 1980 to May 2007 in databases of Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of C...