Autism is one of the most common neurological disorders found in children, resulting disabilities, which continue until adulthood. The accurate assessment of autism is considered as a challenging clinical decision making problem because of the presence of various types of uncertainties that exist with its factors such as social interaction, communication and behavior. These factors cannot be me...

Little research has been dedicated to examine the effect of expert opinion on consumer demand for goods with credence attributes. Taking advantage of a natural experiment, we use differencein-differences approach to estimate the effect of the NuVal score, an expert opinion of the healthfulness of the food product, on consumer demand. Our results show that posting the NuVal score increases yogur...

This paper is a commentary on "Species concepts for trypanosomes: from morphological to molecular definitions?" by Wendy Gibson published in this journal 1. Taxonomy has been traditionally based on expert opinion which is influenced among other factors by the philosophical and educational background of the expert concerned. This has resulted in widely different criteria for species among the tr...

Evidence-Based Answer Surgery should not be offered to patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on decision analysis, observational studies, and expert opinion.) Cholecystectomy may be beneficial for patients who are at high risk of biliary cancer, infection, or other complications, including younger patients and those with choledocholithiasis, sick...

Evidence from prospective and retrospective clinical trials suggests that for infants <2 months old, only those at high risk for serious bacterial infection by standardized criteria (eg, Rochester classification) require lumbar puncture (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on prospective and retrospective cohort studies). However, expert opinion suggests lumbar puncture on all infants ag...

Hepatotoxicity due to drugs, herbal or dietary supplements remains largely a clinical diagnosis based on meticulous history taking and exclusion of other causes of liver injury. In 2004, the U.S. Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) was created under the auspices of the U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases with the aims of establishing a large registry of c...

Discussion about airway management is common amongst clinicians involved in critical care, regardless of background. The technique of rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSI) was described in 1970 and there are many accepted variations in modern day practice. Sadly this can lead to difficulty, particularly in the event of an airway misadventure, as clinicians may be subject to post hoc cri...

This paper presents a new model for the task of contrastive opinion summarization (COS) particularly for controversial issues. Traditional COS methods, which mainly rely on sentence similarity measures are not sufficient for a complex controversial issue. We therefore propose an Expert-Guided Contrastive Opinion Summarization (ECOS) model. Compared to previous methods, our model can (1) integra...

Content validity elicits expert opinion regarding items of a psychometric instrument. Expert opinion can be elicited in many forms: for example, how essential an item is or its relevancy to a domain. This study developed an alternative tool that elicits expert opinion regarding correlations between each item and its respective domain. With 109 Registered Nurse (RN) site coordinators from Nation...