Depolarization-induced facilitation of L-type Ca channels in rod photoreceptors was investigated with nystatin-perforated and ruptured whole cell patch-clamp techniques in cells isolated from tiger salamander retina. Induction of facilitation was voltage dependent with a half-maximal effect seen at prepulse potentials near +31 mV. Reversal of facilitation was time dependent with fast (tau appro...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques and simple exercise on subjective pain reduction and blood flow velocity in supraspinatus tear patients and to evaluate muscle recovery. [Subjects and Methods] The 20 subjects of this study were diagnosed with supraspinatus tears by MRI. The subjects have performed PNF techniques a...

In certain cells in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia depilans, a small excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP), produced by a weak stimulus to one pathway (test stimulus), underwent a prolonged facilitation when it was paired several times with a very strong stimulus to a second pathway (priming stimulus). In some cells this heterosynaptic facilitation was depende...

Models of the dipper effect seen in contrast discrimination experiments predict that small amounts of noise should facilitate detection of a subthreshold sinusoidal grating. Although facilitation of chromatic sine waves has been measured with chromatic or luminance noise, a facilitory effect of luminance sinusoidal gratings has not been measured, most likely because the stimulus characteristics...

The two fundamental forms of short-term plasticity, short-term depression and facilitation, coexist at most synapses, but little is known about their interaction. Here, we studied the interplay between short-term depression and facilitation at calyx of Held synapses. Stimulation at a "low" frequency of 10 or 20 Hz, which is in the range of the spontaneous activity of these auditory neurons in v...

Facilitation is a transient stimulation-induced increase in synaptic response, a ubiquitous form of short-term synaptic plasticity that can regulate synaptic transmission on fast time scales. In their pioneering work, Katz and Miledi and Rahamimoff demonstrated the dependence of facilitation on presynaptic Ca(2+) influx and proposed that facilitation results from the accumulation of residual Ca...

The present experiments explored the role of processing level and strategic factors in cross-form (word-picture and picture-word) and within-form (picture-picture and word-word) semantic facilitation. Previous studies have produced mixed results. The findings presented in this article indicate that semantic facilitation depends on the task and on the subjects' strategies. When the task required...

Foveal detection thresholds for LM and CM Gaussian blobs in the presence of visible, laterally placed blobs (separations of 0-6°) were measured monocularly and dichoptically in observers with normal vision. In the monocular and dichoptic viewing conditions, masking occurs for overlapping blobs, followed by facilitation when they are completely separated (2-8 blob sd units under monocular condit...

The role of a facilitator is key to the effective establishment and sustainment of Communities of Practice (COP). This paper presents a taxonomy of facilitation tasks that have to be carried out to support various COP processes that take place during the different stages in a COP’s life-cycle. Inspired by facilitation research in the area of Group Support Systems (GSS), we identified 33 facilit...

Using a realistic model of activity dependent dynamical synapses and a standard integrate and fire neuron model we study, both analytically and numerically, the conditions in which a postsynaptic neuron efficiently detects temporal coincidences of spikes arriving at certain frequency from N different afferents. We extend a previous work that only considers synaptic depression as the most import...