BACKGROUND The fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) is recommended to monitor drug efficacy against soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) in public health. However, the impact of factors inherent to study design (sample size and detection limit of the fecal egg count (FEC) method) and host-parasite interactions (mean baseline FEC and aggregation of FEC across host population) on the reliability o...

In this paper, we apply a forward error correction (FEC) technique to the logical link control (LLC) layer in order to improve the reliability of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN). This approach, named LLC-level FEC, makes it possible to implement the robust FEC functionality without modifying the off-the-shelf WLAN hardware. Moreover, a WLAN device implementing our scheme can stil...

German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fraunhofer FOKUS.cats, and Tesat-Spacecom have designed a future multimedia ATM-based LEO satellite network. Part of the development was an adaptive MAC and FEC scheme which is presented in this paper. The FEC implementation switches on the fly during a connection between several FEC and modulation modes to guarantee a maximum ATM cell error rate of 10−6. In order...

Internet multimedia applications have timing constraints that are often not met by TCP, the de facto Internet transport protocol, hence, most multimedia applications use UDP. Since UDP does not guarantee data arrival, UDP flows often have high data loss rates. Network data loss can be ameliorated by the use of Forward Error Correction (FEC), where a server adds redundant data to the flow to hel...

INTRODUCTION Based on the variable benefit of taxanes in the adjuvant setting of early breast cancer in certain tumor phenotypes, especially in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-positive and triple-negative disease, and with the observation of a lesser benefit in luminal A, this research article aimed at exploring the value of docetaxel in patients with an estrogen receptor-positive...

The ITU-G.709, Interface for the Optical Transport Network (OTN) standard [Ref 1] describes the Forward Error Correction (FEC) requirement for an optical transport network. The purpose of FEC is to improve the quality of service on the network and ensure that the data is received without errors. In this application note, the error correction section of the ITU-G.709 standard is examined and imp...

German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fraunhofer FOKUS.cats, and Tesat-Sapcecom have designed a future multimedia ATM-based LEO satellite network. Part of the development was an adaptive MAC and FEC scheme which are presented in this paper. The MAC protocol reduces contention while the FEC scheme guarantees a maximum ATM cell error rate of 10 even in the presence of rain. FEC and MAC were implemented ...

This paper proposes and describes a cell-level forward error correction (FEC) scheme in the ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) for ATM networks. An FEC scheme will benefit real-time needs of multimedia applications as well as reliable (error-free) data communications. ATM network performance degrades rapidly with increasing cell loss or the bit error rate. The achievable throughput for reliable service...

German Aerospace Agency (DLR), Fraunhofer FOKUS.cats, and Tesat-Spacecom have designed a future multimedia ATMbased LEO satellite network. Part of the development was an adaptive MAC and FEC scheme which are presented in this paper. The MAC protocol reduces contention while the FEC scheme guarantees a maximum ATM cell error rate of 10−6 even in the presence of rain. FEC and MAC were implemented...

We report a measured gross coding gain of 6.8dB for 21.42Gb/s RZ-DQPSK using standard FEC in combination with differential precoding. Furthermore we show that RZ-DQPSK has approximately a 2dB higher FEC coding gain than RZ-DPSK. Introduction Recently the return to zero optical differential quadrature phase shift keying (RZ-DQPSK) modulation format attracted attention because of its advantageous...