The effect of form of starter grain (coarse vs. ground) and inclusion of various levels of hay on body weight gain and rumen development was evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of form of diet and forage inclusion on intake, growth, feed efficiency, and weaning age in dairy calves. Diets consisted of commercial coarse starter (C), ground starter (G), coarse starter...

the effects of different levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 percentage of dry matter) of apple pomace ensiled with urea were investigated on 24 ghezel male lambs in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. the average starting weight and age of the lambs were 31.27 ± 7.40 and 187 ± 37 days, respectively. after 15 days of adaptation, the lambs were individually fed with expe...

this study was investigate the effects of two levels of metabolism energy (me) and length of fattening periods on performance and growth characteristics of chalishtori male lambs. 64 ram lambs were weaning and intake diets with two levels of energy include: 2.5 and 2.3 mcal me/kg dm in 90 and 120 days fattening period. in this study used of completely random designs with 2×2 factorial methods (...

Genetic and environmental changes during the last few decades have resulted in higher milk production and maintenance costs of lactating sows, leading to increased energy requirements, whereas the amount of body fat reserves of, in particular, young immature sows have decreased and voluntary feed intake may have decreased. As a consequence, present voluntary feed intake of sows during lactation...

The study of feed intake has been greatly facilitated by the recent development of computerized systems that monitor the feed intake of individual animals within a group. Such equipment was originally designed for use by breeding stock supply organizations in the performance testing of pigs in group situations. The majority of selection programs for pigs place considerable emphasis on feed effi...

Direct and maternal genetic parameters for production traits in 1,642 pigs and maternal genetic correlations among production (1,642 pigs) and feed efficiency (380 boars) traits were estimated in 7 generations of a Duroc population. Traits studied were daily gain (DG), intramuscular fat (IMF), loineye area (LEA), backfat thickness (BF), daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and re...

Feed costs are a major cost component of pig production and the optimal use of feed for production is therefore of high importance in an economic and sustainable pig industry. The amount of food eaten by the growing pig is used for maintenance and growth which includes lean meat as well as fat growth. The aim in pig production is to produce lean meat most efficiently which is achieved by optimi...

Feed efficiency is a paramount factor for livestock economy. Previous studies had indicated a substantial heritability of several feed efficiency traits. In our study, we investigated the genetic background of residual feed intake, a commonly used parameter of feed efficiency, in a cattle resource population generated from crossing dairy and beef cattle. Starting from a whole genome association...

This study tested the hypothesis that late weaning and the availability of creep feed during the suckling period compared with early weaning, improves feed intake, decreases stress and improves the integrity of the intestinal tract. In this study with 160 piglets of 16 litters, late weaning at 7 weeks of age was compared with early weaning at 4 weeks, with or without creep feeding during the su...