The area of female criminality has historically attracted little attention from criminologists,! and remains one in which few systematic empirical studies have been conducted. One point that has been firmly established, however, is that male arrest rates surpass female arrest rates in all societies and in all historical periods for which reliable data are available. Nonetheless, explanations fo...

Variation in trophic morphology among individuals within a population may suggest intrapopulation variation in diet and resource use. In such situations, individuals may occupy more specialized roles within a generalist population. Among loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), adults exhibit variation in head size, a likely predictor of bite-force generation and therefore feeding performance. We ...

1. In cooperative societies with high reproductive skew, selection on females is likely to operate principally through variation in the probability of acquiring dominant status and variation in reproductive success while dominant. Despite this, few studies of cooperative societies have investigated the factors that influence which females become dominant, and/or their reproductive output while ...

The study aimed to establish the main morphological characteristics of Slovenian junior and senior female national handball team players. Morphological characteristics of various player subgroups (goalkeepers, wings, back players and pivots) were also determined so as to establish whether they had distinct profiles. The subjects were 87 handball players who were members of the Slovenian junior ...

Examination of the rate of sexual maturation of 79 female gerbils from 32 Caesarean-delivered, foster-reared litters revealed that those females that, as fetuses, occupied uterine positions adjacent to one or two males (1M and 2M females) were less likely than those females occupying uterine positions not adjacent to males (0M females) to exhibit early vaginal opening. Our data further indicate...

Anogenital distance (AGD) and the ratio of the second (index) to fourth (ring) digit lengths (2D:4D) are two widely used indicators of prenatal androgen exposure. The former is commonly used in rodent models, while the latter is principally used in human studies. We investigated variation in these two traits in C57BL/6J mice to test the hypothesis that variation in these two traits reflect a co...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometric, body composition, and fitness characteristics of female rugby league players by playing position. Data were collected on 27 players who were part of the English elite women's rugby league squad. Player assessments comprised anthropometric (stature and body mass), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and fitness {low...

Letters of recommendation are central to the hiring process. However, gender stereotypes could bias how recommenders describe female compared to male applicants. In the current study, text analysis software was used to examine 886 letters of recommendation written on behalf of 235 male and 42 female applicants for either a chemistry or biochemistry faculty position at a large U.S. research univ...

Eighty-six patients who had successful total hip replacement completed questionnaires on their sexual activity. Preoperatively, 46% of patients attributed significant sexual difficulties to their hip disease, whereas only 1% felt that their hips remained a significant source of problems postsurgery. The majority (55%) of patients were able to resume intercourse one to two months postoperation. ...

This research investigated the relationship between athlete aerodynamics (based on peak frontal area during recovery phase) and finishing position for athletes in the 100m5000m wheelchair Athletics events. A retrospective analysis was performed on T54 classified male and female finalists (n=86) at the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games. Medalling female athletes more consistently favoured an aerodynamic...