Outbred Bom:NMRI mice were weighed daily for 18 days from observation of a vaginal plug. In a separate experiment, fetuses and placentae were weighed on each day of pregnancy. Pregnancy can be determined with 99% certainty on day 12 of gestation by the maternal body weight increase from day 1. The pregnancyspecific proteins a-fetoprotein (m-AFP) and pregnancy-associated murine protein-2 (PAMP-2...

BACKGROUND Several studies have reported an association between low birth weight and ischemic heart disease, but it remains unclear whether the association is mediated through poor fetal growth or short gestational duration. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cohort study, we have identified all subjects born preterm or with a low birth weight at 4 major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949....

Modifications in maternal nutrition during pregnancy can significantly disrupt fetal growth and subsequent post-natal health and survival. This study investigated the effects of undernutrition on fetal growth and the potential mechanisms involved. Tissue from pregnant ewes (n=27) was investigated on days 45, 90 and 135 of gestation (term = approximately 150 days). The thoracic girth (P<0.05) wa...

OBJECTIVE Low birth weight (LBW), no early catch-up weight, and subsequent fat accumulation have been associated with increased risks of insulin resistance from childhood onward and later cardiovascular disease. We sought to clarify the effects of high birth weight (HBW) and postnatal weight gain on insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 117 obese children aged 10.4 +/- 2....

OBJECTIVE To produce a fetal weight chart representative of a Tanzanian population, and compare it to weight charts from Sub-Saharan Africa and the developed world. METHODS A longitudinal observational study in Northeastern Tanzania. Pregnant women were followed throughout pregnancy with serial trans-abdominal ultrasound. All pregnancies with pathology were excluded and a chart representing t...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Ramadan fasting on fetal development and outcomes of pregnancy. METHODS We performed this study in Antakya State Hospital of Obstetrics and Child Care, between 28 June 2014 and 27 July 2014 (during the month of Ramadan). A total of two hundred forty healthy pregnant women who were fasting during Ramadan, were included in the groups. The three groups were d...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical severity and proportionality of small for gestational age, very low birth weight neonates (< 1,500 g) and to estimate the neonatal mortality risk associated with the condition of being small for gestational age according to the degree of severity and proportionality. METHODS Observational design. All of the NEOCOSUR Collaborative Group's very low birth weig...

Ultrasound examinations offer the possibility to monitor fetal growth and estimate weight, but reference data for such techniques in pigs are rare. The aim of this study was therefore identify suitable anatomical structures monitoring physiological dynamics by ultrasound weight using appropriate mathematical models. For purpose, 198 fetuses 15 primiparous Landrace sows were examined on days 36,...

BACKGROUND: Low birth weight (<2,500 g) is a strong predictor of infant mortality. Yet low birth weight, in isolation, is uninformative since it is comprised of two intertwined components: preterm delivery and reduced fetal growth. Through nonparametric logistic regression models, we examine the effects of gestational age, fetal growth, and maternal smoking on neonatal mortality. METHODS: We de...