In order to analyze the pattern of DNA polymorphism in detail, we have developed a simple method using a new statistic theta(i) which estimates 4Nmu from the number of segregating sites whose allelic nucleotide frequency is i/n among n DNA sequences, where N is the effective population size and mu is the mutation rate per generation per nucleotide site. Under the assumption that mutations are s...

This report describes the results of a finite-element analysis with ANSYS (Version 4.3) from Swanson Analysis Systems and 1 mm-long, 2-D elastic beam elements to modify and refine the designs of maxillary and mandibular springs for space-closure management. This system permitted static analysis by means of modern software systems instead of expensive and cumbersome mechanical bench studies. Our...

The Debye temperature ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Theta}}}_{\mathrm{D}}$ characterizes the vibrations of a solid and marks transition between quantized classical behaviors nuclear motion. While thermodynamical theories suggest that for nanoparticles should be lower than bulk limit increase with increasing nanoparticle size, various experimental measurements have reported intriguing variations includ...

It is known that if the Gaussian curvature function along each meridian on a surface of revolution $(\mathbb{R}^{2}, dr^{2} + m(r)^{2} d\theta^{2})$ decreasing, then cut locus point $\theta^{-1} (0)$ empty or subarc opposite (\pi)$. Such called von Mangoldt's revolution. A generalized Mangoldt For example, m_0(r)^{2} d\theta^{2})$, where $m_{0}(x) = x/(1 x^{2})$, has same structure as above and...

The moduli space Sg of smooth spin curves parameterizes pairs [C, η], where [C] ∈ Mg is a curve of genus g and η ∈ Pic(C) is a theta-characteristic. The finite forgetful map π : Sg → Mg has degree 22g and Sg is a disjoint union of two connected components S+ g and S− g of relative degrees 2g−1(2g +1) and 2g−1(2g − 1) corresponding to even and odd theta-characteristics respectively. A compactifi...

There has been considerable interest in the importance of oscillations in the brain and in how these oscillations relate to the firing of single neurons. Recently a number of studies have shown that the spiking of individual neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) become entrained to the hippocampal (HPC) theta rhythm. We recently showed that theta-entrained mPFC cells lost theta-entrain...

We study a model of proxy voting where the candidates, voters, and proxies are all located on real line, instead directly, each voter delegates its vote to closest proxy. The goal is find set that theta-representative, which entails for any anywhere favorite candidate within distance theta This property guarantees strong form representation as voters not required be fixed in advance, or even fi...

The moduli space Sg of smooth spin curves parameterizes pairs [C, η], where [C] ∈ Mg is a curve of genus g and η ∈ Pic(C) is a theta-characteristic. The finite forgetful map π : Sg → Mg has degree 22g and Sg is a disjoint union of two connected components S+ g and S− g of relative degrees 2g−1(2g +1) and 2g−1(2g − 1) corresponding to even and odd theta-characteristics respectively. A compactifi...

In this paper a time-dependent moving-grid method is described to numerically solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) in one space dimensions involving fine scale structures such as steep moving fronts, emerging steep layers, pulses and shocks. Smoothing in the spatial direction is employed to control grid clustering and expansion. Additional smoothing in the temporal directi...