Radiation detection/imaging is the key to understanding the basic mechanism underlying several physical phenomena. X-rays have been used for imaging and detection for over a century starting with medical X-ray imaging to X-ray diffraction, tomography to the recent physical techniques such as EXFAS, X-ray holography. The detectors for X-rays have evolved from film to imaging plate, CCD and flat ...

One of these innovations came to life in 2006 with the first introduction of flatpanel detectors (FD) to a mobile C-arm. Ziehm Imaging started the paradigm shift of innovative detector technologies for mobile X-ray imaging from image intensifiers (I. I.) to flat-panel detectors. Other C-arm competitors followed and reconfirmed the trend of implementing amorphous silicon (aSi) flat-panel detecto...

Reduction of exposure dose and improvement in image quality can be expected to result from advances in the performance of imaging detectors. A number of researchers reported on methods for simulating reduced dose images. The simplest method provides reduced dose images by adding white Gaussian noise with certain standard deviation to the original image. The aim of this paper was to develop and ...

In high resolution computed tomography (CT) using flat panel detectors, imperfect or defected detector elements cause stripe artifacts in sinogram which results in concentric ring artifacts in the image. Such ring artifacts obscure image details in the regions of interest of the image. In this article, novel techniques are proposed for the detection, classification, and correction of ring artif...

New digital detectors were developed for medical applications, which have the potential to substitute the X-ray film. Digital Detector Arrays (DDA: Flat Panel Detectors, Line Detectors) and Imaging Plates (Computed Radiography, CR) allow a fast acquisition of radiographic images with higher dynamic than film. Especially DDA’s allow a radiographic inspection with considerable higher image qualit...

Rice algorithm, which has been recommended by Consultative Committee for Space Data System (CCSDS) for space telescope image lossless compression, is studied. Due to the similarity, this algorithm is applied on lossless compression of X-ray digital image after improvement and a satisfying compression rate is obtained. Firstly, the algorithm process is presented. Later on, the compression and de...

An accurate morphological assessment of blood vessels and their relationship with interventional devices is essential in the management of vascular lesions, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has had a central role in the deployment of interventional procedures. The introduction of three-dimensional rotational angiography (3D RA) and flat panel detector technology has further contributed...

Real time imaging in the field of industrial radiography arrived over half a century ago and even before that in medical radiography. All the progress in the field for first 30 – 35 years produced analog images. Digital images have come only recently. Fluorescent screens, proximity focus intensifier and then electromagnetically focused Image Intensifier produced real time images in analog. They...

We designed 4x4 matrix TFTs arrays using current mirror amplifiers. Advantages of current mirror amplifiers are they need less requiring switches and the conversion time is short. The TFTs arrays 4x4 matrix using current mirror circuits have been fabricated and tested with success. The TFTs array directly can process signals coming from 16 pixels in the same node. This enables us to make the su...

BACKGROUND Very small high-resolution displays (SVGA, 800 x 600 pixels) worn near the eye and imaged to create a virtual image have potential as alternatives to traditional computer displays. METHODS Twenty-two subjects performed text-based tasks on five displays: monocular virtual, binocular head-mounted virtual, hard copy, flat panel, and a small format portable display. Outcome measures in...