The fact that the optimum proportion flocculation ratio is different when determined by the alpha (Dean and Webb) and beta (Ramon) procedures is pointed out. It is demonstrated that this difference is a consequence of the difference in the two methods, and that the two optima, though they may in certain cases lie near together, can never coincide. A new ratio (the epsilon ratio), intermediate b...

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. E 61, 2831 (2000)], Borstnik, Stark, and Zumer have studied the stability of a colloidal dispersion of micron-sized spherical particles in the isotropic phase of a nematogenic material. Close to the nematic transition, the attraction due to a surface-induced paranematic order can yield flocculation. Their calculation of the nematic-mediated interaction was based on...

The flocculation of dissolved heavy metals is a process which has an important effect on decreasing the concentration of the colloidal elements during estuarine mixing of river water and sea or ocean water. During this important process, a large amount of colloidal elements change into particles in the form of flock and the dissolved loads decline. This study is performed to evaluate the mechani...

The term flocculation is often confused with coagulation, although the two refer to different processes. Coagulation is basically electrostatic in nature. It is brought about by a reduction of the repulsive potential of the electrical double layer. The term flocculation is derived from the Latin, “flocculus,” literally a small tuft of wool, or a loosely fibrous structure. Flocculation is brough...

In this work attempts were made to evaluate K+-SDS and hydrocolloid polymer-SDS interactions in flocculation of megestrol acetate dispersions to enhancetheir stability as a part of suspension formulation. Different dispersions of micronized megestrol acetate and SDS were prepared. KCl and KH2PO4 and their corresponding sodium salts were added to the dispersions and the preparations were evaluat...

Free settling tests, small angle light scattering (SALS), microtome-slicing techniques, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were performed to examine how the cationic flocculation or freezing and thawing affected the floc structure. The floc size, internal pore size, mass fractal dimensions determined from free-settling test or small angle light scattering test, aeral porosity, bounda...

flocculation processes during estuarine mixing can reduce the elemental concentrations of river water. in the present investigation, natural flocculation processes concept is used to reduce the elemental contents of industrial wastewater. for this purpose, various amounts of saline water were added to an artificial industrial wastewater with known concentrations of heavy metals. the results of ...

In this work attempts were made to evaluate K+-SDS and hydrocolloid polymer-SDS interactions in flocculation of megestrol acetate dispersions to enhancetheir stability as a part of suspension formulation. Different dispersions of micronized megestrol acetate and SDS were prepared. KCl and KH2PO4 and their corresponding sodium salts were added to the dispersions and the preparations were evaluat...