1.1. Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates. Let us begin with Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates. The Eulerian coordinate (x, t) is the physical space plus time. The Eulerian description of the flow is to describe the flow using quantities as a function of a spatial location x and time t, e.g. the flow velocity u(x, t). This can be visualized by sitting on the bank of a river and watching the wa...

Fluid jet machining has been widely used in of hard-brittle materials. However, the diffusion a flow significantly affects erosion capacity. Magnetorheological (MR) fluid considered to take role pure water for carrying abrasive particles, due its better concentration when external magnetic field is applied. The present investigation focuses on characteristics magnetorheological jet, which are i...

the use of more competitive species and cultivars in small grain cereal production may help to develop production systems that require less herbicide. this study was designed to identify root and shoot characteristics of cereal seedlings that would allow distinguishing the more competitive (mc) cultivars from the less competitive (lc) ones. two growth cabinet trials were conducted using four cr...

quantitative valuations of observed heterosis for 11 traits of 15 f1 hybrids generated by half diallel crosses of six diverse rice cultivars (domsefid, hashemi and binam, three iranian local cultivars; dorfak, kadous and ir30, three improved cultivars), were made in this study. fifteen f1 hybrids and their parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at t...