In this paper the intake manifold as the most effective part on engine’s volumetrice efficiency is in vestigated in detail with emphesizing on flow behavior and characterestics. The eight different design have been  prepared  and  imported to CFD software. Five objective functions for investigation of flow have been connsidered and applied in TOPSIS with different weights. Mass flow rate,massfl...

BACKGROUND Aerobic exercise enhances endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensive patients, patients with chronic heart failure, and healthy individuals. However, it is unclear how the intensity of exercise affects endothelial function in humans. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of different intensities of exercise on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in huma...

A numerical study of atmospheric turbulence effects on wind-turbine wakes is presented. Large-eddy simulations of neutrally-stratified atmospheric boundary layer flows through stand-alone wind turbines were performed over homogeneous flat surfaces with four different aerodynamic roughness lengths. Emphasis is placed on the structure and characteristics of turbine wakes in the cases where the in...

numerical study of double-diffusive natural convective heat transfer in a curved cavity filledwith a porous medium has been carried out in the current study. polar system has beenselected as coordinate system. as a result, all equations have been discredited in r and θdirections. brinkmann extended darcy model has been utilized to express fluid flow inporous matrix in the enclosure. smaller and...

the aerodynamics of road vehicles has frequently been studied in simplified geometries to separate the effect of various components on aerodynamic drag and on near wake flow dynamics. in this work, the characteristics of the near wake of a notch-back car model were investigated, using hot-wire anemometer. the main objectives of this study are to gain a better understanding of the flow structure...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE How the complex flow phenomena generated within unruptured cerebral aneurysms relate to the corresponding aneurysmal geometry is unknown. To estimate the interaction between flow patterns and morphologic features of unruptured cerebral aneurysms, we developed a method to visualize intraanuerysmal flow patterns with transluminal flow imaging of 3D MR angiograms in conjunct...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spontaneous echo contrast in cardiac chamber has been indicated as a source of cerebral embolism. The nature of the echocardiographic smokelike signal is still not fully understood. This study was designed to regenerate spontaneous echo contrast and verify its thromboembolic characters in an in vitro model. METHODS Spontaneous echo contrast was reproduced in an expansio...

OBJECTIVES This study evaluates whether a quantitative measurement of Doppler intensity during handgrip may disclose coronary vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic coronary segments show an exaggerated constrictive response to handgrip. The intensity of the scattered Doppler signal is proportional to the number of blood cells flowing ...

PURPOSE Ophthalmic ultrasound imaging is currently performed with mechanically scanned single-element probes. These probes have limited capabilities overall and lack the ability to image blood flow. Linear-array systems are able to detect blood flow, but these systems exceed ophthalmic acoustic intensity safety guidelines. Our aim was to implement and evaluate a new linear-array-based technolog...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Flow Flow frequency Flow intensity Flow metacognition Adaptive metacognition Maladaptive metacognition Scale development Scale validation This paper presents the development and validation of the Flow Metacognitions Questionnaire (FMQ) for measuring metacognitions of flow. Flow is a state of deep cognitive absorption that makes a person feel fully immersed in an ...